[DISPENSING-LEC-FINALS] CH8: CALCULATION OF MEDICATION DOSES

Body Surface Area

BSA stands for?

Creatinine Clearance

CrCl stands for?

Ideal Body Weight

IBW stands for?

Pro re nata

PRN stands for?

Calculations

This plays an integral role within the pharmacy profession and are an essential fundamental component of professional degree knowledge.

Dose

This is the quantitative amount administered or taken by a patient for the intended medicine effect.

Single dose

This dose is the amount taken at one time.

Daily dose or Total dose

This dose is the amount taken during the course of therapy.

Daily dose

This dose may be subdivided and taken in divided doses.

Divided doses

This doses are two or more times per day depending on the characteristics of the drug and illness.

Dosage regimen

This is the schedule of dosing (i.e., four times per day for 10 days).

Dry powders

Some drugs are not chemically stable in solution and so are applied as _____ for reconstitution just before use.

2 years

An oral antibiotic for reconstitution comes as a powder in a bottle with sufficient space to add the water. The powder itself will remain stable for up two how many years when dry?

10 to 14

When reconstituted, a shelf life of how many days is normal (depending on whether it is refrigerated or not)?

Body surface area

Using this is more accurate than using body weight.

Body surface area

For many clinical purposes, this is a better indicator of metabolic mass than body weight because it is less affected by abnormal adipose mass.

Renal clearance

This is usually divided by the BSA to gain an appreciation of the true required glomerular filtration rate (GFR).

Glomerular Filtration Rate

GFR stands for?

Chemotherapy

This is often dosed according to the patient’s BSA.

Glucocorticoid dosing

This dosing can also be expressed in terms of BSA for calculating maintenance doses or to compare high dose use with maintenance requirement.

Nomogram

The BSA can be calculated using a formula or?

Nomogram

This is a common method on calculation.

Centimeters and inches

A nomogram typically has three columns:

• Height based in both?

m²

A nomogram typically has three columns:

• Body surface area in?

Kilograms and pounds

A nomogram typically has three columns:

• Weight based in both?

Mosteller

The formula derived by ____ in 1987 combines an accurate BSA calculation with the ease of use and has been validated for both children and adults.

Geriatric patients

These patients are generally classified as persons over 60 years of age.

Kidney and liver

These organs functions are major concerns when dosing medications in elderly patients.

Kidney and liver

These organs both affect the absorption and elimination of medications.

Toxicity

When medications remain in the body longer, they accumulate in the blood and tissues increased levels, which cause?

Kidney

Drug elimination is greatly affected by what organ?

Creatinine

This is derived from metabolism of creatinine in skeletal muscles and from dietary meat.

Pediatric patients

These patients are classified as persons under the age of 18.

Weight

Aside from age, this is still the best way to dose when the BSA is unknown.

Neonatal

Age Breakdown of Pediatric Patients

Birth — 1 month

Infant

Age Breakdown of Pediatric Patients

1 month — 2 years

Child

Age Breakdown of Pediatric Patients

2 years — 12 years

Adolescent

Age Breakdown of Pediatric Patients

13 years — 17 years

Chemotherapy agents

This agents are medications that are used for cancer.

Combination therapy

This therapy is used with more than a single treatment modality included in a patient’s treatment plan (e.g., radiation and chemotherapy).

Intra-arterial

Routes of Administration:

Artery

Intrathecal

Routes of Administration:

Spinal column

Intrapleural

Routes of Administration:

Lungs

Intraperitoneal

Routes of Administration:

Abdomen

MVAC

Treatment for bladder cancer is referred to as?

• Methotrexate

• Vinblastine

• Actinomycin

• Cisplatin

MVAC consists of?

FU/LU

Treatment for colorectal is referred to as?

Fluorouracil + Leucovorin

FU/LU consists of?

PC

Treatment for lung cancer is referred to as?

Paclitaxel + Carboplatin

PC consists of?

CHAD

Treatment for ovarian cancer is referred to as?

Methotrexate

Abbreviation in Medication Orders:

MTX

Doxorubicin

Abbreviation in Medication Orders:

DOX

Vinblastine

Abbreviation in Medication Orders:

VLB

Cisplatin

Abbreviation in Medication Orders:

CDDP