Medieval Renaissance

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14 Terms

1
Dark Ages
A period when knowledge of Ancient Greeks became inaccessible due to the merger of church and state, leading to a decline in science.
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2
The Almagest
Ptolemy’s astronomy textbook that was translated from Arabic to Latin, meaning 'The Greatest'.
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3
Alpha Centauri
A star system; 'Alpha' denotes it as the brightest star.
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4
Arabic Star Names
The names of bright stars are typically Arabic in origin due to the Golden Age of Islam's focus on astronomy and mythology.
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5
Regiomontanus
A scholar whose translation of The Almagest from Greek to Latin included important commentaries for understanding the Ptolemaic system.
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6
Geocentric Cosmology
The cosmological model adopted by the medieval Church that positioned the Earth at the center of the universe.
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7
Retrograde Motion
An apparent backward motion of planets as observed from Earth, resulting from the relative positions of the planets.
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8
De Revolutionibus
Copernicus' famous book presenting his heliocentric model, short for De Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium.
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9
Supernova
An astronomical event involving a massive star dying in an explosion, observed by Tycho Brahe in 1572.
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10
Parallax
The apparent shift of an object relative to its background due to a change in the observer's position.
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11
Astronomical Unit
The average distance from the Earth to the Sun, approximately 150 million kilometers.
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12
Tychonic System
A geocentric model where Earth is at the center, with the Sun, Moon, and stars orbiting it, while planets orbit the Sun.
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13
Tycho's Star
The supernova observed by Tycho Brahe that contradicted the belief that celestial bodies were fixed.
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14
Celestial Realm
The belief that certain phenomena, like comets, belong to the heavens, challenging the idea of fixed celestial spheres.
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