apes air pollution

carbon monoxide

• primary

• from incomplete combustion of a fuel

• causes: asphyxia (from bonding with hemoglobin) , headaches, drowsy

• progress: catalytic converter in cars, co2 detectors

sulfur dioxide

• secondary

• combustion of coal for electricity

• causes: asthma, acid rain

• progress: wet scrubbers on smokestacks. fluidized bed combustion capture so2

nox

• no is primary, no2 is secondary

• combustion of engines (cars, planes, etc)

• causes: acid rain, smog, asthma, reduces visibility and photosynthesis

• progress: smog checks, catalytic converters

tropospheric ozone

• vocs stop ozone from breaking down

• causes: smog, asthma, damages immune system, crop damages and decreased photosynthesis

• progress: emission standards

particulate matter

• from smokestacks, construction, volcanoes, vehicles

• pm 0.1 (ultra fine) is worst

• causes: asthma

• progress: alternative heating, electrostatic precipitators, baghouse filters in exhaust systems

lead

• primary

• old, leaded gasoline, old paint, ore and metal processing factories

• causes: brain damage

• progress: end of leaded gas

VOC

• primary

• hydrocarbons

• causes: cancer, respiratory and mucous membrane irritant, overloaded immune system

• progress: air filters, ventilation, masks, emission standards

toxic air pollutants

• airborne toxins

• from metal smelting, sewage treatment, industry burning trash

• causes: cancer, reproductive defects

• progress: clean air act regulations

primary pollutants

carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen monoxide, (sometimes) particulate matter), lead, voc

causes respiratory problems such as asthma

tropospheric ozone, particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, nox,