Chapter 15: Personality Disorders

personality

unique characteristics that make you, you (thought and behavioral patterns). its fluid (changes based on experiences, learn as we go)

personality disorder

an enduring, rigid pattern of inner experience and outward behavior that repeatedly impairs a person’s sense of self, emotional experiences, goals, capacity for empathy, and/or capacity for intimacy

paranoid personality disorder

marked by a pattern of distrust and feelings of suspicion toward others

schizoid personality disorder

features persistent avoidance of social relationships and little expression of emotion

schizotypal personality disorder

characterized by extreme discomfort in close relationships, very odd patterns of thinking and perceiving and behavioral eccentricities

antisocial personality disorder

marked by a general pattern of disregard or a violation of other people’s rights

borderline personality disorder

a personality disorder characterized by repeated inability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, and mood and by impulsive behaviors

dialectical behavior therapy (DBT)

a comprehensive treatment approach, applied in cases of borderline personality disorder, suicidal intent, and/or other problems, includes individual and group therapy sessions

histrionic personality disorder

characterized by a pattern of excessive emotionality and attention seeking

narcissistic personality disorder

marked by a broad pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration, and lack of empathy

avoidant personality disorder

a personality disorder characterized by consistent discomfort and restraint in social situations, overwhelming feelings of inadequacy, and extreme sensitivity to negative evaluation

dependent personality disorder

characterized by a pattern of clinging and obedience, fear of separation, and an ongoing need to be taken care of

obsessive-compulsive personality disorder

marked by intense focus on orderliness, perfectionism, and control that the person loses flexibility, openness, and efficiency

“Big 5” personality traits

neuroticism, extroversion, openness to experiences, agreeableness, and conscientiousness

personality disorder-trait specified (PDTS)

currently under study. people would receive this diagnosis if they had significant impairment in functioning as a result of one or more very problematic traits. clinicians identify the traits, determine their severity and impairment

groups of the PDTS

negative affectivity, detachment, antagonism, disinhibition, psychoticism