Studied by 2 people
Taxonomy
Classfication of things in an orderly way
Forensic Entomology
Study of Insects
Involves the use of insects and other arthopods to aid in legal investigations
Metamorphosis
Egg → Larva (maggot) → Pupa → Winged Adult
Instar
Developmental stage of anthropoids
(Three Stages of Larva)
Temperature
The higher ____ the faster the growth
Fly species can vary geographically according to what
Habitat (climate, season)
By collecting and studying the types of insects found on a body and their metamorphic stage, you can estimate what
Time of Death
What insect comes first?
Flies
What insect comes second?
Beetles
What is the order of FLIES after death?
Blow flies → Flesh flies → House flies
What is the order of BEETLES after death?
Rove beetles → Sexton beetles → Clown beetles → Dermestid → Hide beetles
Where to female flies lay eggs?
Body openings and wounds
Mites
tiny 8-legged creatures belonging to the order, related to spiders and ticks
After insects infest, the body reduces how much?
10%
Degree Day
Unit of measuring of the energy absrobed by a biological system causing growth
Taken from agriculture who used it to predict certain stages in growth cycle of plants
Molt
Shredding of an insects outer skeleton during a growth stage
Ambient
Concerning surrounding areas/environments
Carl Linneus
Founder of Taxonomy
Charles Darwin
Helped improve taxonomy
Forensic Anthropology
scentific study of human remainsWh
Osteology
Study of Bones
How many bones are in the ADULT human
206
What are some functions of bones?
Provide structure/rigidity
Protect soft tissues/organs
Attachment for muscles
Produce blood cells
Storage area for minerals
Detoxify the body by removing
How can you estimate the height of a human body?
By measuring the long bones
MALE age for complete closer of 3 major sutures
over 35
FEMALE age for complete closer of 3 major sutures
over 50
Diaphysis
makes up most of the bone’s length in long bones
Epiphyses
allows for growth; found at the end of long bones; good places to look for changes in estimating age
4 stages of epiphyses
no epiphyses
no union , epiphyses and bones are seperate
partial union , epiphyses attached, line is visible
complete union , epiphyses attached, line in not visible
What bones are best for determining sex?
Pelvis and skull
Female Pelvis’ have a ___
wider pubic body, wider subpubic concavity, or angle have a ventral arc present.
Male Ribcages and Shoulders are generally ___
wider and larger.
What is mostly used for race determination
Skull
Three types of race determination
Caucasoid, Negroid, and Mongoloid
Caucasoid
European, Middle Eastern, Indian descent
long, narrow, nasal aperture, triangular palate, oval orits, narrow zygomatic arches, narrow mandibles
Negroid
rounded chin, wider nasal aperture, teeth roots grow into head
Mongoloid
sqaure like chin, round nose
Odontology
study of teeth
What is used for odontology?
Dental records, number and types of fillings, spacing of teeth
Teeth are used because ___
hardest substances in the body, unique to each individual, x-rays are a great record of people’s teeth, and last to decay
Algor mortis
Cooling of body temperature after death
Livor mortis
A purple or red discoloration of the skin caused by pooling of blood after death
Rigor mortis
A stiffness in the muscles that occurs shortly after death
Glastier Equation
formula used for determining the approx. time period since death based on body temp
Autolysis
A process by which biological cells self-desctructs
Putrefaction
The decomposition of animal proteins, especially by anaerobic microorganisms
Adipocere
Isoluable fatty acids left as residue from pre-existing fats from decomposing cadavers
formed by the slow hydrolysis of fats in the wet ground and can occur in both embalmed and untreated bodies
Osteons
Structures in bones that carry the blood supply away
What five things can a forensic anthropologist determine form a whole bone or part of a bone?
Age, gender, race, height, cranial sutures, ancestry?
What four body parts can be used to determine age?
Teeth, epiphyses/growth plates, cranial sutures, pubic symphysis (pelvis)
What 7 features of a skull can determine that it is a male?
Larger mandible
Longer face
Nose bone is longer
Forehead is sloped
Square chin
Thicker
What 6 features of a skull can determine that it is female?
Smaller mandible
Shorter face
Smaller nose bone
Forehead is verticle
Pointier chin
Thinner
Name three body features that may help to determine race.
Chin, Nasal structure, palate
What is the order of stiffness? and unstiffness?
Face muscles
Larger muscles
If the temperature of a body is still warm to the touch and the body is stiff how long has the person been dead?
Between 3-8 hours earlier
If the temperature of a body is cold to the touch and the body is not stiff how long has the person been dead?
Between 8-36 hours earlier
What six factors can affect algor mortis?
The environment, type of clothing on the body, wetness of clothing, sir movement, and layers of clothing
What are the functions of the skeleton?
help to give shape, movement, and protects organs
What are the functions of the cranial sutures?
They come together and unite along special seperated and interlocking joints
How may a forensic anthropologist reconstruct a face on a skull?
Establish age, sex and race
Plot landmarks for tissues, insertion points for muscles and facial features
Mount the eyes and model muscles
Add eyes, ears, nose etc.
Cover with skin and detail
Difference between cause of death and manner of death
Cause is how (bullet, stab, overdose)
Manner is what (homocide, suicide, natural, accidental, and determined)
Note 
Flashcard (44)