Imperialism

Manifest Destiny

19th-century doctrine justifying U.S. territorial expansion.

Imperialism

Policy of extending a country's power and influence.

Tyranny

Ruling without consent; oppressive governance.

Colonial Master

A nation that governs foreign territories and peoples.

Filipinos

People of the Philippines, resisting U.S. governance.

Statehood

The condition of being a recognized independent state.

Splendid Isolation

America's historical policy of avoiding foreign entanglements.

Racial Problems

Social issues arising from racial discrimination and inequality.

Standing Army

A permanent, professional army maintained in peacetime.

Democratic Republic

A government representing the people's interests through elected officials.

Old World

Term referring to Europe and its historical conflicts.

Consent

Agreement or permission given by the governed.

Cultural Differences

Variations in language, religion, and customs among peoples.

Military Dictatorship

Government led by military leaders without democratic processes.

Central Government Power

Authority held by the national government over states.

American Values

Core principles of freedom and self-government in the U.S.

Burden of Empire

Costs and responsibilities associated with governing colonies.

Naval Expansion

Increase in naval forces to support imperial ambitions.

Alien Immigrants

Foreign-born individuals entering and settling in the U.S.

Conflicts with Imperial Powers

Tensions arising from competition with other colonial nations.

False Promise of Imperialism

Illusion that empire brings prosperity and security.

Home Focus

Prioritizing domestic issues over foreign expansion.

Overseas Colonies

Establishing colonies abroad incurs costs without benefits.

Anti-Democratic Values

Colonialism promotes militaristic and undemocratic principles.

Filipino Population

Nearly ten million Filipinos brought under U.S. control.

Racial Problems

Colonialism exacerbates racial tensions in the U.S.

Cheap Labor

Colonialism introduces a new source of inexpensive labor.

Military Expansion

Imperialism necessitates a larger U.S. military presence.

Entanglement in Alliances

Overseas empire leads to alliances with imperial powers.

Political Corruption

Colonialism creates a class denied citizenship rights.

Senator George ****

Criticized imperialism as anti-democratic and morally wrong.

Consent of the Governed

Legitimate government derives power from the people's consent.

Senator Ben Tillman

Opposed annexation, citing racial and moral concerns.

Vassal States

Democracy cannot rule over subjugated peoples effectively.

Constitutional Powers

Colonial conquest not explicitly granted by the Constitution.

Samuel Gompers

Warned against imposing U.S. governance on unwilling natives.

Moral Justification

Imperialism often justified as bringing liberty to others.

Dominant Class

Colonial rulers may exploit their conscience over natives.

Lattimer and Virden

Incidents highlighting violence against laborers in the U.S.

Political Morality

Governance should respect the rights of all individuals.

Imperialist Policy

Pursuing empire requires significant military and economic resources.

Colonial Subjects

People in colonies lack the rights of citizenship.

Economic Drain

Colonial pursuits may weaken national economic stability.

Militaristic Values

Imperialism fosters aggressive military ideologies and practices.

Homogenous Nation

A unified nation with shared characteristics or culture.

Democracy

A system where people govern themselves through elected representatives.

Emilio Aguinaldo

Leader of the provisional Filipino government during U.S. annexation.

American Precepts

Fundamental principles influencing governance and democracy.

Independent Government

Self-governance without external control or influence.

Senator Stephen White

California senator advocating for Filipino self-rule.

Constitutional Intent

Original purpose of the Constitution regarding territorial expansion.

Equal Protection

Legal principle ensuring all individuals receive equal treatment.

Representative Civilization

Governance where citizens participate in decision-making processes.

William Jennings Bryan

Democratic presidential nominee opposing imperialism.

Imperial Policy

A strategy of extending a nation's authority over others.

Standing Army

A permanent, professional army maintained during peacetime.

Militarism

A belief in maintaining a strong military capability.

Resolution of Colored Citizens

Protest against U.S. military actions in the Philippines.

Lynching

Extrajudicial killings, often racially motivated, prevalent in the South.

Civilized Trial

A fair legal process ensuring justice for individuals.

Naval Forces

Military ships used to protect national interests at sea.

Foreign Alliances

Agreements with other nations for mutual benefit or defense.

Crying Domestic Wrongs

Social injustices within the country needing urgent reform.

Colonial Possessions

Territories controlled by a foreign power.

Opposition to Annexation

Resistance against the acquisition of new territories.

Inherent Rights

Fundamental rights entitled to all individuals by nature.

Costs of Imperialism

Financial burdens associated with maintaining overseas territories.