HIT 110 Midterm Medical Terminology Flashcards

A comprehensive set of vocabulary flashcards for the HIT 110 midterm, covering medical word parts (roots, prefixes, suffixes), body organization, and the integumentary, skeletal, muscular, cardiovascular, blood/lymphatic, and respiratory systems.

Ganglia

The plural form of ganglion.

Root respir-

To breathe.

Prefix

A word part added to the beginning of a word.

General prefixes

Word parts that refer to location, time, number, amount, size, or status.

Root tens

Stretch or strain.

Suffix -ia

Condition.

Suffix -ation

Process or action.

Prefix hypo-

Below normal; deficient.

Prefix intra-

Within.

Prefix eu-

Good; normal.

Root myc/o

Fungus.

Root orth/o

Straight.

Root spondyl/o

Vertebra.

Root humer/o

Humerus (upper arm bone).

Root stalsis

Contraction.

Root pector

Chest.

Root coron

Crown; coronary artery.

Root coagul

Clotting.

Root agglutin/o

Clumping together.

Root atel

Incomplete.

Suffix -desis

Surgical fixation.

Suffix -(r)rhaphy

Surgical suturing.

Suffix -globin

Protein.

Suffix -penia

Deficiency.

Suffix -ptysis

Spitting.

Cells

The basic unit of life.

Cytoplasm

Where the cell's structures are located; it contains DNA in the nucleus.

Distal

The location of the ankles compared to the knees.

Ventral

Toward the front of the body.

Body planes

Sagittal, Frontal (Coronal), and Transverse.

Major body cavities

Cranial, Spinal, Thoracic, Abdominal, and Pelvic.

Laceration

A cut or tear.

Pruritus

Severe itching.

Lentigo

A flat brown pigmented spot.

Xeroderma

Dry skin.

Excoriation

Scratching or abrasion of the skin.

Paronychia

Infection around a nail.

Cryosurgery

Destruction of tissue using extreme cold.

Integumentary system functions

Protection, temperature regulation, sensation, vitamin D production, and prevents water loss.

Diaphysis

Shaft of a long bone.

fx

Abbreviation for fracture.

Subluxation

Partial dislocation.

Calcaneus

Heel bone.

Femur

Strongest bone in the body.

Fibromyalgia

Chronic muscle pain disorder.

Tendon

Structure that attaches muscle to bone.

Contracture

Permanent tightening of a muscle.

Ambulatory

Able to walk.

Myopathy

Muscle disease.

Cardioversion

Procedure that restores normal heart rhythm.

Congestive heart failure

Condition where the heart cannot pump blood effectively.

Ischemia

Reduced blood flow.

Homeostasis

Maintaining a stable internal environment.

Claudication

Leg pain from poor circulation.

Aneurysm

Bulging of a blood vessel.

Bradycardia

Slow heart rate.

EKG

A recording of the heart's electrical activity.

CABG

Coronary artery bypass graft.

Pathogen

A disease-causing organism.

Hemoglobin

The main component of erythrocytes.

Erythrocytes

The most numerous blood cells.

Thrombus

A blood clot.

Hematologist

A blood specialist.

Phlebotomy

Drawing blood from a vein.

Thoracentesis

Removal of fluid from the chest.

Laryngectomy

Removal of the larynx.

Atelectasis

Collapse of part or all of a lung.

Hypercapnia

Too much carbon dioxide in the blood.

Apnea

Temporary stopping of breathing.

Bronchospasm

Narrowing of the bronchi.

Orthopnea

Difficulty breathing while lying flat.

Internal respiration

Gas exchange between the blood and body tissues.

Thyroid cartilage

Commonly known as the Adam's apple.

Pertussis

The medical term for whooping cough.

Pulmonary edema

Fluid in the lungs.