Earth science quiz 2 final term

Renewable energy

Energy from a source that won’t run out

Non-renewable energy

Energy that will run out or won’t be replenished in our lifetime

Solar energy

-From the sun

-Sun is the solar system’s main source of energy

Geothermal energy

-From the heat of the earth

-Utilizes underground heat to generate electricity

Wind energy

-From wind

-Generate electricity by the moving air or wind

Hydro energy

-From falling water

-Utilizes kinetic energy of falling water to generate electricity

Dam

Has a reservoir where a large volume of water is stored

Coal energy

-Most polluting source of energy

-Its combustion produces products that contribute to the formation of acid rain

-Important source of energy, making the Philippines rank second in its utilization

Natural gas energy

-”Cleaner” fossil fuels

-Remains of plants and animals that were buried and then exposed to heat

Petroleum

-Natural liquid found underground, made mostly of hydrocarbons

-Called crude oil

Water

-Liquid that makes life on earth possible

-2/3’s of the earth’s surface is covered by it

Ice caps and glaciers

Where most of earth’s freshwater are

Groundwater

Water that can be brought out of a well

Water table

The surface that separates the 2 zones

Zone of saturation

Zone where all pore spaces are filled with water

Zone of aeration

Zone where pore spaces contain air and water

Artesian wells

Work on the premise that water rises to the surface due to natural pressure

Porosity

Volume percentage of pores

Permeability

Ability of solid materials to transmit water through the pore network

Surface water

Includes streams, rivers, and lakes

Spring

Natural flow of water when water table intersects the land surface

Running water

Surface water that moves from a higher to lower area due to gravity

Stream

Refers to all water flowing into a channel

River

Large stream that comes from small streams

Lake

Large inland body of standing water

Soil

-Fundamental life on earth

-Formed by the interaction of the parent material, climate, time, plants and animals, and topography

Sand

Quicker water drainage and are easy to work with

Clay

Heavy soil that benefits from high nutrients

Silt

Light and moisture tentative soil with a high fertility rating

Loam

Mixture of all 3 combined to avoid negative effects of each type

Arable land

Lands temporarily used for agricultural crops

Nonarable land

Lands use for pasture and grazing, unsuited for agricultural use

Crop roation

Practice of growing different crops in the same fields at same times

Natural vegetative strips

Narrow strips of naturally growing grasses and herbs

Contour planning

Cultivation of lands into furrows that run perpendicular to the slopes of a hill at a fixed level

Terracing

Building of steplike terraces along the shapes of the hill

Wind breaks

Row of trees planted to surround large areas of agricultural land

No-till farming

Plowing to a depth of around 2 inches instead of 8 inches in traditional plowing