Musculoskeletal Disorders and Ergonomics in Dentistry

These flashcards cover key terms and concepts related to musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and ergonomics in the field of dentistry, focusing on definitions and associated factors.

Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs)

A group of conditions that involve nerves, tendons, muscles, and supporting structures such as intervertebral discs.

Cumulative Traumas

The accumulation of repetitive stress injuries over time, often leading to musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs).

Ergonomics

The science of work, concerned with designing and arranging things people use so that people and things interact most efficiently and safely.

Back Disorders

Conditions affecting the spine and lower back, with examples including herniated spinal disc and sciatica.

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

A condition characterized by numbness, tingling, and pain in the hand due to compression of the median nerve in the wrist.

Trigger Finger (Tenosynovitis)

A condition causing pain during movement and swelling of the tendon, often linked to repetitive motion.

Thoracic Outlet Syndrome

A disorder caused by the compression of nerves or blood vessels between the collarbone and the first rib, leading to pain and numbness.

DeQuervain’s Disease

A condition causing pain in the thumb and wrist area with decreased range of motion, often due to synovial sheath swelling.

Myofascial Pain Disorder

A condition characterized by muscle pain and trigger points that may twitch upon touch or massage.

Herniated Spinal Disc

A condition where a disc in the spine bulges or fragments, causing nerve compression and pain.

Raynaud’s Phenomenon

Intermittent spasm of finger and toe blood vessels causing blanching, numbness, and pain.

Hand-Arm Vibration Syndrome

A condition resulting from prolonged exposure to hand-arm vibration, leading to numbness and sensitivity to cold.

Fixed or awkward postures

Positions that place stress on the musculoskeletal system and can contribute to musculoskeletal disorders.

Ergonomic Design Goals

Objectives aimed at enhancing performance and reducing the risk of injury by ensuring compatibility between job demands and worker capabilities.

Sustained/awkward postures

Postures maintained for extended periods that can lead to discomfort and musculoskeletal injuries.

Routine exposure

The regular performance of activities that may pose risks for developing work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs).