Problematic Hearts

Angina

Reduced blood flow to heart

Squeezing, pressure, tightness in chest

Atherosclerosis

Plaque in artery wall → occlusion

Myocardial Infarction

Heart attack

heart muscle dies from lack of blood/oxygen

from plaque or clots

Stenosis

Narrowing

from calcification (narrow and stiffens) or over years

Patent Foramen Ovale

Hole between atria

at birth

typically closes due to pressure of blood

Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)

not enough blood pumped to support body

Systolic Heart Failure

weak ventricles, thin walls

blood may stay in ventricl and not get pumped to body

Diastolic Heart Failure

Stiff thickened ventricle, doesn’t relax properly between heartbeats

ventricle cannot fill with blood to pump to body

Sudden Cardiac Arrest

irregular heart rhythm → lose heart activity

Congenital

Abnormality present at birth

ie

congenital heart disease, valve defects, atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, eisenmengar syndrome

Congenital Heart Disease

abnormality before birth

due to genes typically

hole in heart, defective valves

valve defects

missing leaflets, regurgitation, stenosis, atresia

at birth

atrial septal defects

hole in wall between upper chambers

at birth

ventricular septal defects

hole in wall between lower chambers

at birth

eisenmengar syndrome

irregular blood flow to heart and lungs → blood vessels stiff and narrow

→ pulmonary arterial hypertension (high bp in lungs)

from unrepaired hole

at birth

bacterial endocarditis

infections → bacteria clumps on valves → infection into blood stream and spreads

damage from blocked blood vessels (clot lodge and reduce blood flow)

hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

mutation → heart muscle thicken

LV not take in or pump out enough blood

among us