Introduction of particulate nature of matter

What are elements ?

They are the primary constituents of matter

Can elements be broken down ?

NO. they can not be chemically broken into simpler substances

What are compounds ?

they consist of atoms from different elements chemically bonded together in a fixed ratio

What do mixtures contain?

they contain more than one element or compound in no fixed ratio

Are mixtures chemically bonded ?

are not chemically bonded and so can be separated by physical methods

How do we classify matter ?

What are the different separation techniques

starting from now ill be making each separation technique

How do we separate an insoluable solid and liquid?

through filteration, the physical different being solubility

How to be separate 2 miscible liquids ?

through destillation the physical difference being the boiling point

How to be separate a soluable solid and liquid ?

through crystalization or evaporation the physical difference being volatility

How to be separate soluable solids ?

through Paper chromotography of solutions and recrystallization

the psycial difference being Solubility (partitioning)

How to be separate Immiscible liquids?

through separating funnel the physical difference being insolubility (polarity)

What are the qualities of a solid ?

1. particles are closely packed

2. inter-particle forces are strong + particles vibrate in position

3. they have a fixed shape

4. fixed volume

what are the qualities of a liquid

1. particles are more spaced out

2. inter-particle forces are weaker + can slide over each other

3. no fixed shape

4. they have a fixed volume

what are the qualities of a gas

1. particles are fully spread out

2. interparticle forces nagligble + particles move freely

3. no fixed shape

4. no fixed volume

quick test

Answers:

Q1: salt and water

Q2: D

What is kinetic energy ?

the different ways molecules can store energy

what elements are found in their native form ?

nitrogen and gold are specifically found in their native form

what is a native form

they are uncombined with other elements in nature

in what way are elemenst most commonly found ?

in chemical combinations with other elements i.e. chemical compunds

Are the chemical and physcial properties of different compounds from their component elememts

yes!

what does it mean if a mixture is interspersed?

it means that the scattered amongst other things
e.g. air is a mixture due to the different elements and comounds are interspersed

What is a homogeneous mixture

having a uniform composition of properties throughout

what is a heterogenous mixture

having a non-uniform compostion and its properties are not the same throughout

what techniques are used to be able to separate the compoenets in mixtures?

1. solution and filteration

2. distillation

3. response to magnets

4. paper chromomatography

How does filteration work ?

is the process where a solid is separeted from a liquid or a gas using membrane

How does distillation work?

is used to separate a solvent from a solute

what is paper chomatography ?

what is the kinetic molecular theory?