Unit 9 and 10 vocabulary

Beg

if you beg someone for something, you ask them for it in an anxious or desperate way

Bottom

the bottom of an organisation is the lowest level in it, where the work requires the least amount of experience or skill and the pay is the lowest

cope

if you cope, you manage to do what you have to do. If you can not cope, you find it too difficult to do everything that you need to do

delegate

If you delegate a job, task, or responsibility to someone, you tell them that they have to do the job or task or take the responsibility instead of you

draining

if an activity is draining, it uses all your physical or mental energy and makes you feel tired

hand in

if you hand in something such as homework, you give it to your teacher.

hang

if you get the hang of something that is difficult or complicated, you learn how to do it.

launch

if you launch a new product, book, website, etc, you let a lot of people know that it is starting to exist so that they can buy it or make use of it

live on

If you can live on the money you earn, you have enough money for the most important things you need, although maybe not enough for extra things

management

Management is the group of senior people in an organisation who are responsible for controlling and organising it, and for supervising the more junior people

menial

menial jobs or tasks are not very difficult, do not require any skill, and the people who do them have very low status

notice

your notice is a formal statement telling your employer that you are going to leave your job

overseas

if you live overseas, you live in a foreign country.

promote

if someone is promoted in the organisation they work for, they are given a better and more important job

promotion

promotion within an organisation is an official change in job to a better and more important job

redundant

if you are made redundant, your employer tells you that you can no longer do your job

Responsibility

if you have responsibility for something or someone, it is your job to do what is necessary to deal with them and make sure that everything happens properly.

rewarding

an activity that is rewarding is good because you get pleasure or some benefit from it.

rise

a rise is an increase in the amount of money that you earn from your job

row

if you have a row with someone, you have a very noisy or emotional argument with them

Stimulating

an activity that is stimulating makes you think a lot in an enjoyable or useful way

stretch

if you stretch yourself, or if something stretches you, you have to do things that are too difficult for you, but which help you improve your skills or knowledge so that they are no longer too difficult

touch

if you are in touch with someone, you are able to see them or communicate with them regularly. If you get in touch with someone, you contact them by phone or by writing an email or a letter to them

training

training is the process of being taught the skills that are needed to do a particular job.

work

if you work your way up, you start at the lowest level in an organisation and progress to a higher level by being good at your job

bag

if you bag things, or if you bag them up, you put them into bags

bother

if something bothers you, you you worry about it a lot and you do not like it

break

when you are at work, a break is a time when you stop working and relax for a short while before starting to work again

countless

if you talk about countless things or people, you mean there are a large number of them

dead

someone who is dead is no longer alive. You can also say that someone who is extremely tired feels dead, because they feel as if there is no life or energy in them.

dig up

to dig up vegetables means to pull them out of the ground so that they can be eaten

earnings

someone s earnings are all the money they get fo doing their job

exploit

to exploit someone means to treat them very unfairly so that you get a lot of benefit and they do not

figure

if you figure something, you guess it or come to believe it as a result of thinking about it

fortune

a fortune is a large amount of money

interfere

if you interfere, you become involved in a situation when your help or advice is not wanted. An interfering person interferes a lot

lift

if you get a lift somewhere, someone takes you there in their car

make up

If you make up, for example a story or an excuse, you create a story that is not true in order to make people believe something that you want them to think

market research

market research is the collection of information from ordinary people about what they need and like so that companies can design products that people will want to buy

misunderstand

if you misunderstand something, you form an impression of it that is wrong or mistaken

non-stop

an activity that is non-stop carries on without a pause

novelty

novelty is the quality of being new and still being interesting. If you say that the novelty has worn off, you mean that something has become less interesting because you have become very familiar with it

rank

in some organisations such as the army or the police, your rank is the position or grade that you hold.

restless

someone who is restless does not like staying in the same place for long and is always looking for new things to do and new places to go to

sceptical

someone who is sceptical about something is not sure if it is sure true and wants to check all the facts before they believe it

set foot

if you say that you have never set foot somewhere, you are emphasising that you never went there, even though it is likely that you would have done

settle for

if you settle for something, you accept it, even though it is not as good as you wanted it to be

shift

a shift is a change in the way something happens or is done, or a change in the way people think about something

solidly

if you work solidly throughout a period of time, you work constantly and without stopping

stock

to stock a places means to fill it with things. To re-stock a place means to fill it with things again after it has been emptied

Supplement

if you supplement something you already have, you add to it

tray

a tray is a flat piece of plastic, wood, or metal which you use to carry things on, such as glasses of drink or plates of food

word

a word is something that you say to someone. If you put in a good word for someone, you recommend them to someone who can help them or give them a job

conventional

things or ideas that are conventional are usual and normal, and not new or original

hands up

teachers say hands up when they want students to put their arm up in the air to show that they are ready to answer a question or have done something that was expected

highlight

if you highlight something, you talk or write about it in a way that draws special attention to it because you think it is an important part of what you are saying

in short

you say in short to introduce an explanation that is a shorter or more general version of what you have just said

mass

mass actions, events, or activities involve large number or people at the same time

military

military means relating to the army and other armed forces of a country

move on

if you move on, you change the topic of what you are writing or talking about

outline

if you outline something, you give a short or general explanation of it without providing a lot of details

overview

an overview is a description of the main parts of something

rank

the rank of something or someone is their position on a scale

sum up

to sum up means to say something that is a summary of what you have just been saying, especially at the end of a speech or presentation

terror

terror is the use of extreme violence for political purposes

test

to test someone means to make them answer a set of questions in order to find out how much they know about a subject

awkward

something that is awkward is difficult to deal with it. If somewhere is awkward to get to, it is difficult to find or involves taking several different sorts of transport

booth

a booth is an area in a restaurant, bar, or club which has sides on it so that you can have some privacy from the other people there

break

a break is a short holiday when you go away somewhere

bunch

a bunch of people is a number of them who are all together

do

a do is a special party or other social occasion

end-of-year

end-of-year activities happen at the end of a period of time such as a school year or a financial year

get-together

a get-together is a party you have with friends or family

mad

if you go mad, you behave in a wild and uncontrolled way, doing things you do not normally let yourself do

miles

if you say that somewhere is miles away, you mean it is a very long way away

renew

if you renew an official document such as a driving licence or passport, you extend the time during which it can be used

safe

if you do something to be on the safe side, you do not take any risks because you want to be sure you will not fail or have any problems

treat

if someone treats you, they give you something special or they do something especially nice for you as a present

up

if you are up for something, you are very keen to do it

affection

affection is the feeling you have for someone when you like them very much

attendant

on an aeroplane, the attendants are the people who help the passengers and serve their food

boundary

the boundary of a physical area is the edge, where one area stops and another starts.

burst out

if you burst out laughing or crying, you suddenly start laughing or crying.

casually

if people dress causally, they wear comfortable clothes that are suitable for informal occasions

catch out

if you get caught by something, you get into a difficult situation because you were not able to stop it developing

charity event

a charity event is an occasion such as a dinner where people pay to attend. The purpose of charity events is to raise money for charity

copy in

to copy someone in on an email means to send it to them as well as to the person it is written to

display

a display of something is an occasion when someone publicly shows a particular feeling or emotion

ease

ease is a feeling of being relaxed and comfortable.

fail

wem something such as a machine or an important part of your body fails, it stops working properly

fellow

your fellow students or workers are the people you study with or work with

frown on

to frown on something or to frown upon it means to disapprove of it

harm

harm is the bad affect of an action or damage caused by the action

impact

the impact of an event is the sudden and serious effect it has on a situation

interrupt

if you interrupt someone, you start talking while they are saying something so that they cannot finish what they were saying

meant

if something was meant to happen or meant to be a particular thing, it happened or it was that thing on purpose and not by accident

moan

if you moan about someone or something, you complain about them in a very unhappy way

on air

if someone is on air or on the air, they are being broadcast on radio or television:

outrage

outrage is a feeling of very strong anger

publicise

wem something is publicized, information about it is released so that people get to know about it