Functional Groups/Isomers/Microscopic Images - Kam

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18 Terms

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Hydroxyl: Polar/Hydrophilic

What structure is this, its stance in water and charge

<p>What structure is this, its stance in water and charge</p>
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Carbonyl: Polar/Hydrophilic

What structure is this, its stance in water and charge

<p>What structure is this, its stance in water and charge</p>
3
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Carboxyl: Polar/Hydrophilic

What structure is this, its stance in water and charge

<p>What structure is this, its stance in water and charge</p>
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Amino: Polar/Hydrophilic

What structure is this, its stance in water and charge

<p>What structure is this, its stance in water and charge</p>
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Sulfhydryl: Polar/Hydrophilic

What structure is this, its stance in water and charge

<p>What structure is this, its stance in water and charge</p>
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Phosphate: Polar/Hydrophilic

What structure is this, its stance in water and charge

<p>What structure is this, its stance in water and charge</p>
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Methyl: Nonpolar/Hydrophobic

What structure is this, its stance in water and charge

<p>What structure is this, its stance in water and charge</p>
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Enantiomer

Mirror images of each other (Have to have asymmetric carbon that has 4 different components attached to it).

<p><span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span>Mirror images of each other (Have to have asymmetric carbon that has 4 different components attached to it).</span></span></p>
9
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Structural

Different covalent arrangements of their atoms.

<p><span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span>Different covalent&nbsp;arrangements of their atoms.</span></span></p>
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Geometric (Cis/Trans)

Same covalent arrangements but differ in spatial arrangements (Have to have a double bond, cis = same side, trans = oppo side).

<p><span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span>Same covalent arrangements but differ in spatial&nbsp;arrangements (Have to have a double bond, cis = same side, trans = oppo side).</span></span></p>
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Rough ER: protein synthesis, folding, modification (like glycosylation), and transport

What is this & its function

<p>What is this &amp; its function</p>
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Mitochondria: generating most of the cell's supply of ATP for energy through cellular respiration & converting nutrients into usable fuel

What is this & its function

<p>What is this &amp; its function</p>
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Golgi Apparatus: cell's post office, receiving proteins and lipids from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), modifying and sorting them, and packaging them into vesicles for delivery to their final destinations, like the cell membrane, lysosomes, or outside the cell for secretion (e.g., insulin)

What is this & its function

<p>What is this &amp; its function</p>
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Smooth ER: lipid and steroid synthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, detoxification of drugs/poisons, and calcium storage

What is this & its function

<p>What is this &amp; its function</p>
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Cytoskeleton: provide cells with shape and structural support, facilitate internal organization and transport (moving organelles/vesicles), enable cell movement, and play crucial roles in cell division and signaling

What is this & its function

<p>What is this &amp; its function </p>
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Chloroplast: capture sunlight to perform photosynthesis, converting light energy, water, and CO2 into glucose (food) and oxygen

What is this & its function

<p>What is this &amp; its function</p>
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C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy (ATP)

Cellular Respiration Equation

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6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy (ATP) → C6H12O6 + 6O2

Photosynthesis Equation