Med Term Quiz 5: Chapters 13 - 15

Alzheimer disease

characterized by progressive mental deterioration, often with confusion, disorientation, inability to carry out purposeful movement, etc.

Analgesic

agents that relieve pain without causing loss of consciousness

Anticonvulsant

relieve or prevent convulsions and seizures in conditions such as epilepsy.

Antidepressants

used to treat depression and other mental disorders

Aphagia

inability or refusal to swallow; characterized by abstention from eating because swallowing is painful

Aphasia

an abnormal neurologic condition in which there is absence or impairment of the ability to communicate through speech, writing, or signs

Autism

characterized by withdrawal and impaired development in social interaction and communication

Cephalalgia

headache

Cerebrovascular accident

stroke or stroke syndrome, blood vessels in the brain have become diseased or damaged or have a blockage of a cerebral artery

Cerebrum

the main portion of the brain (pertaining to the brain)

Cervical

pertaining to the neck itself or the cervix

Coma

state of unconsciousness from which the patient cannot be aroused, even by powerful stimulation

Cranium

the skull

Dementia

a progressive mental disorder characterized by chronic personality disintegration, confusion, disorientation, and deterioration of intellectual capacity and function

Dysphagia

inability to swallow or difficulty in swallowing

Dysphasia

speech impairment caused by a lesion in the brain; characterized by lack of coordination and failure to arrange words properly

Epilepsy

a group of neurologic disorders characterized by recurrent episodes of convulsive seizures, sensory disturbances, loss of consciousness, or all of these. An uncontrolled electrical discharge from the nerve cells of the cerebral cortex is common to all types

Hydrocephalus

condition characterized by an abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid

Lumbar

lower back

Myelitis

inflammation of the bone marrow and spinal cord

Myelography

radiographic examination of the spinal cord by injection of a radiopaque medium

Neuralgia

pain along the course of a nerve

Parkinson disease

chronic nervous disease characterized by a fine, slowly spreading tremor, muscular weakness, rigidity, and often a peculiar gait

Phobias

obsessive, irrational, and intense fears of an object, activity, or a physical situation

Psychosomatic

relating to the mind and body

emotional states that influence the physical body’s functioning

Quadriplegia

paralysis of all four extremities

Shunt

passages or bypasses between two vessels

Spinal cord

long tube of nervous tissue going from the brain to the lower back

Subdural hematoma

accumulation of blood beneath the dura mater

Transient ischemic attack

caused by a brief interruption in cerebral blood flow

Acoustic

pertaining to sound or hearing

Audible

capable of being heard

Audiologist

detects and evaluated hearing loss and determines how a patient can best make use of remaining hearing

Auditory

pertaining to the sense of hearing and the organs involved

Cataract

abnormal progressive condition of the lens, characterized by loss of transparency

Choroid

dark brown membrane inside the sclera that is continuous with the iris

Cochlear implant

implanted device that assists hearing by electrically stimulating the cochlea

Deafness

inability to hear

Glaucoma

abnormal condition of increased pressure within the eye, prolonged pressure can damage retina and optic nerve

Lens

surrounded by ciliary body in circular fashion, allowing change in shape and thickness, causing change in refraction of light through flattening or rounding of this structure

Macular degeneration

progressive deterioration of the retina associated with new vessel formation that can progress to blindness

Ocular

of, pertaining to, or affecting the eye

Olfactory

pertaining to the sense of smell

Ophthalmic

pertaining to the eye or ophthalmology

Optic

of, pertaining to, or affecting the eye

Otitis media

inflammation of the middle ear

Retina

delicate nervous tissue membrane of the eye, continuous with the optic nerve and enables vision

Tinnitus

noise in the ears, includes ringing, buzzing, roaring, or clicking, big complaint of those with hearing or ear disorders

Vertigo

dizziness

Adenoma

tumor of a gland

Adrenal

pertaining to the adrenal glands

Diabetes mellitus

primarily the result of resistance to insulin or lack of insulin secretion by insulin secreting cells of the pancreas

Goiter

enlarged thyroid glad, usually evident with pronounced swelling in the neck

Hyperglycemia

above normal amount of sugar in the blood

Hyperparathyroidism

excessive activity of the parathyroid glands

Hypoglycemia

condition in which the blood glucose level is abnormally low

Hypothyroidism

decreased activity of the thyroid gland

Insulin

pancreas hormone that regulates the blood sugar level

Pancreas

elongated organ with digestive and endocrine functions, produces hormones

Pituitary

gland at the base of the brain, also called the hypophysis, endocrine function through the production of different hormones

Radioresistant

cancerous tumors that are not affected by radiation

Radiosensitive

cancerous tumors that are destroyed by radiation

Thyroid

gland located in the front of the neck with bilateral lobes