acids and bases
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29 Terms
measure of how alkaline or acidic a solution is
ph scale
substance that increases concentration of hydrogen ions (H+)
acids
substance that decreases concentration of hydrogen ions (OH-)
base
0-6 (acid / neutral / alkaline)
acid
7 (acid / neutral / alkaline)
neutral
8-14 (acid / neutral / alkaline)
alkaline
substance that forms an aqueous solution (acid / neutral / alkaline)
acid
substance with a higher hydrogen concentration (acid / neutral / alkaline)
acid
describe an example of how acids increase concentration of hydrogen atoms
hcl goes into h20
hcl dissolves and releases hydrogen ions
hydrogen ions increase
where hydronium ion is produced (H3O+) (acid / neutral / alkaline)
acid
substance that dissolves in water to form a solution with a ph greater than 7
base
lower concentraiton of hydrogen ions (acid / neutral / alkaline)
alkaline
describe an example of why alkaline substances have less hydrogen ions
an alkaline base like NaOH dissolves in water
it dissolves into Na and OH
the OH combines with h20 molecules which reduces the amount of loose hydrogen ions
tase bitter (acid / neutral / alkaline)
alkaline
feel slippery (acid / neutral / alkaline)
alkaline
what two substances are formed with acid reacts base?
water
salt
what is a neutralizaiton reaction
when acid reacts with base
reaction where acid reacts with base
neutralization reaction
acids end in…
-ic
bases end in …
-oxide
-nates
if it ends in -ic its a acid or base?
acid
if it ends in -oxide its a acid or base?
base
if it ends in -nates its a acid or base?
base
substances that help resist change in pH by neutralizing acid or base
buffers
write the two ways that buffers are formulated
weak base + conjugate acid
weak acid + conjugate base
how do buffers resist change in pH
absorb excess OH- and H+ ions
buffers maintain ph of blood through what two substances
(weak acid + conjugate base)
carbonic acid + bicarbonate
cytoplasm of cell is buffered by what buffer system
phosphate
explain how is the ph of blood maintained by buffers
the biproduct of cellular metabolism is CO2
CO2 reacts with H2O forming carbonic acid (H2CO3)
carbonic acid dissolves forms hydrogen ions and bicarbonate ions
function
weak acid (carbonic acid) acts as a hydrogen donor in the presence of a base
conjugate base (bicarbonate) acts as proton acceptor which neutralizes added acid