VFL: 3 Progressive Era

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Progressive movement

an early 20th century reform movement seeking to return control of the government to the people, to restore economic opportunities, and to correct injustices in American life

Florence Kelley

An advocate for improving the lives of women and children. (Social Welfare). She was appointed chief inspector of factories in Illinois and helped win passage of the Illinois factory act in 1893 which prohibited child labor and limited women's working hours.

Prohibition

the banning of alcoholic beverages

Muckraker

Journalists who wrote about the corrupt side of business and public life in mass circulation magazines during the early 20th century

Scientific Management

Time and motion studies to improve efficiency by breaking manufacturing tasks into simpler parts

Robert M. La Follette "Fighting Bob"

Republican governor of Wisconsin who served 3 terms. Promoted the principle of government by experts, advocated progressivism, and established a Legislative Reference Bureau to provide research, advice, and help in the drafting of legislation. He wanted to drive out corporations from politics.

Initiative

A bill organized by the people rather than lawmakers

Referendum

a procedure where a proposed legislative measure can be submitted to a vote of the people (a vote on initiative)

Recall

A procedure for removing a public official from office by a vote of the people.

17th Amendment

Established the direct election of senators (instead of being chosen by state legislatures) 1913

NACW

the National Association of Colored Women—a social service organization founded in 1896 from 2 groups merging.

Susan B. Anthony

An American social reformer and feminist who played a pivotal role in the women's suffrage movement.

Suffrage

the right to vote

NAWSA

National American Woman Suffrage Association; founded in 1890 to help women win the right to vote

Upton Sinclair

muckraking journalist who exposed the terrible conditions of the meatpacking industry. Wrote The Jungle

The Jungle

a novel by Upton Sinclair, published in 1906, that portrays the dangerous and unhealthy conditions prevalent in the meatpacking industry at that time

Theodore Roosevelt

26th president, known for: conservationism, trust-busting, safe food regulations, "Square Deal," (mainly with the meatpacking industry). McKinley’s vice president before he got assassinated

Square Deal

President Theodore Roosevelt's program of progressive reforms designed to protect the common people against big business

Meat Inspection Act

1906 - Laid down strict binding rules for sanitary meat packing and government inspection of meat products crossing state lines.

Pure Food and Drug Act

1906- the act that prohibited the manufacture, sale, or shipment of impure/contaminated of falsely labeled food and drugs

Conservation

the planned management of natural resources, involving the protection of some wilderness areas and the development of others for the common good

NAACP

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, founded in 1909 to promote full racial equality

William Howard Taft

Ran for the election of 1908 & 27th president of the U.S.; angered progressives by moving cautiously toward reforms; lost Roosevelt's support and was defeated for a second term. (Roosevelt handpicked him to run and win against William Jennings Bryan)

Bull Moose Party

A name given to the Progressive Party, formed to support Theodore Roosevelt's candidacy for the presidency in 1912. Advocated women’s suffrage, workman’s compensation, 8-hour workday, minimum wage for women, and federal law against child labor

Woodrow Wilson

reform governor from New Jersey. Put forward by the democrat party and won the election of 1912. Endorsed “New Freedom”

Clayton Antitrust Act

1914- made certain monopolistic business practices illegal and protected the rights of labor unions and farm organizations. Prevented corporations from buying the stock of another corporation

Federal Trade Commission (FTC)

a federal “watchdog” agency established in 1914 to investigate and stop unfair business practices. Required periodic reports from corporations

Federal Reserve System

A national banking system, established in 1913, that controls the U.S. money supply and the availability of credit in the country.

19th ammendment

gave women the right to vote 1920