Chemistry Class Day 10 - Ionization Energy

Ionization energy

the least amount of energy required to completely remove an electron from 1 mole of that gaseous species when it is in its ground state

ionization energy results in

an ion

ion

a chemical species with a net charge

First ionization energy

corresponds to the removal of the most loosely held electron

as Zeff increases

ionization energy also increases

ionization energy increases from

left to right across a period

ionization energy decreases from

top to bottom across a group

within a given shell…

electrons with a higher value of 1 are higher in energy and thus, easier to remove

removing a paired electron is….

easier because of the repulsive forces between two electrons in the same orbital

it is possible to…

remove additional electrons in subsequent ionizations, giving IE1, IE2 and so on

it take more energy to remove _____ electrons than ____ electrons

core, valence

why is it more difficult to remove core electrons

they are closer to the nucleus and experience greater Zeff due to lack of shielding

Electron Affinity

a measure of the ability of an element to attract electrons

electron affinity increases from

left to right across a period as Zeff increases

it is easier to add an electron to

the same shell as the positive charge of the nucleus increases