(8.2-8.6) Where are we? + g

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9 Terms

1
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What makes up the universe?

Billions of galaxies

2
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What makes up a galaxy?

Billions of stars

3
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Which galaxy is our solar system in?

The Milky Way galaxy.

4
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Why does gravitational field strength vary on different celestial bodies?

g is directly linked to a planet’s mass-

the greater the mass, the greater the gravitational field strength -

and the harder it will be to pick up a mass.

5
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What 4 things does gravitational field strength cause to happen?

Moons orbit planets

Planets orbit the Sun

Artificial satellites orbit Earth

Comets orbit the Sun

6
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Describe the orbits of comets.

  • Highly elliptical orbits that have the Sun at one focus

  • They speed up near the Sun due to high gravitational force

7
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Describe the orbits of moons.

  • Circular orbits

8
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Describe the orbits of planets.

  • Elliptical orbits

9
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State the equation linking orbital speed, orbital radius and time.

orbital speed (v) = 2 * pi * radius (r) / time (T)

(be careful- radius vs distance from surface of planet)