Primitive reflexes NBCOT

Rooting reflex

Onset: 28 weeks gestation

Integrated at 3 months

test: stroke baby mouth area

response: head turns towards touch

importance: search and locate food

Suck/swallow

Onset: 28 weeks gestation

Integrated: 2-5 months

Test: place finger in baby’s mouth

Response: sucking

Importance: feeding

Traction

Onset: 28 weeks gestation

Integrated: 2-5 months

Test: pull baby from supine to sitting by arms

Response: head flexion

Importance: sitting up

Moro

Onset: 28 weeks gestation

Integrated: 4-6 months

Test: falling sensation, drop baby back

Response: arm extension and abduction, followed by arm flexion and adduction

importance: fight/flight response

Plantar grasp

Onset: 28 weeks gestation

Integrated: 9 months

Test: apply pressure with thumb to ball of foot

Response: toes curl in flexion

Importance: increase tactile input to sole of foot. Prepares baby for positioning foot in standing

Galant

Onset: 32 weeks gestation

Integrated: 2 months

Test: hold in prone suspension, stroke 1 side along spine

Response: lateral trunk flexion on the stimulated side

Importance: lateral trunk movements, trunk stabilization, crawling

Palmar grasp

Onset: 37 weeks

Integrated: 6 months

Test: place finger in babys palm and apply pressure

Response: finger flexion

Importance: fine motor skills and grasping object

ATNR

Onset: 37 weeks gestation

Integration: 6 months

Test: position baby in supine, turn or rotate head 90 degrees

Importance: reading comprehension, handwriting, hand eye coordination

STNR

Onset: 4 months

Integrated: 12 months

Test: place in crawling position and flex head

OR

place in crawling position and extend head

Response: arms flex, legs extend

OR

arms extend, legs flex

Importance: precursor for crawling. Static quadruped position, sitting upright

Slouching

Landau

Onset: 3 months

Integrated: 12-24 months

Test: hold baby in horizontal prone position

Response: total extension (head, trunk extension)

Importance; posture development

Neck righting

Onset: birth to 3 months

Through life

Test; place in supine, turn head to one side

Response: whole body follows and rolls to direction of head

Importance: rolling

Body righting

Onset: birth to 3 months

Through life

Test: supine and bend one knee/hip towards chest

Response: segmental rolling of upper trunk

Importance: rolling

Optical head righting

Onset: 2 months

through life

Test: suspended vertically, move side to side, forward/backwards

Response: upright positioning of head

Importance: visual response. allows orientation of head when body is taken out of upright position

Labyrinthine righting

Onset: 2 months

through life

Test: cover eyes. suspend vertically. move side to side, forward/backwards

Response: upright positioning of head

importance: vestibular response. allows orientation of head when body is taken out of upright position

Downward parachute

Onset: 4 months

through life

Test: lower body to surface, suspend vertically

Response: extension of LE

importance: fall protection

forward parachute

Onset: 6 months

through life

test: tip baby forward, suspend vertically

response: extension of UE

importance: fall protection

sideward parachute

Onset: 7 months

through life

Test: tip baby off balance in sitting position, to side

Response: arm extends in abduction

importance: fall protection

backward parachute

onset: 9 months

through life

test: tip baby backwards

response: backward arm extension

importance: fall protection

prone tilting

onset: 5 months

through life

test: Baby in prone on tilt board and raise 1 side of the surface 

response: spine will curve on the raised side. Both arms and legs will extend and abduct

importance: Maintain equilibrium without arm support 

Supine tilting

Onset: 7-8months

through life

Test: Baby in supine or siting on tilt board, lift one side 

response: spine will curve on the raised side. Both arms and legs will extend and abduct

Importance: Maintain equilibrium without arm support 

Quadraped tilting

onset: 9-12 months

through life

test: Position baby on all fours on tilt board and raise one side 

response: spine will curve on the raised side. Both arms and legs will extend and abduct

importance: Maintain equilibrium without arm support 

standing tilting

onset: 12-21 months

through life

test: Position baby in standing on tilt board and raise one side

response: spine will curve on the raised side. Both arms and legs will extend and abduct

importance: Maintain equilibrium without arm support 

what is the labyrinth?

structure in ear that helps with balance and movement