💻 R, Python, GitHub & Shell

What is R mainly used for in bioinformatics?

Statistical analysis, data visualisation (ggplot2), and Bioconductor packages for genomics.

What is a data frame in R?

A table where columns can be different data types. The main structure for tabular data.

What does the ggplot2 package do?

Creates publication-quality plots using a layered grammar of graphics.

What is Python mainly used for in bioinformatics?

Scripting, data manipulation (pandas), machine learning, and pipeline development.

What is pandas in Python?

A library for data manipulation and analysis. Provides DataFrames.

What is a loop in programming?

A block of code that repeats for a set number of times or until a condition is met.

What is a function in programming?

A reusable block of code that takes inputs and returns an output.

What is GitHub?

A platform for version control and collaboration using Git. Hosts repositories online.

What is a Git commit?

A snapshot of your project at a point in time. Records changes with a message.

What is a Git branch?

A parallel version of the repository. Allows work on features without affecting the main branch.

What is a pull request?

A request to merge changes from one branch into another. Allows review before merging.

What is a README file?

A markdown file explaining what the project is, how to use it, and how to reproduce results.

What is the shell?

A command-line interface to interact with the operating system. Used for running scripts, navigating files, and automating tasks.

What is VS Code?

A code editor with terminal, extensions, and Git integration. Used for R, Python, and shell scripting.

What is a reproducible workflow?

A workflow where others can run your code and get the same results. Requires documented code, version control, and fixed dependencie