AP World History 9.2 Flashcards

pandemic

A global outbreak affecting large populations, often from a particular infectious disease.

smallpox

A severe viral disease that caused high mortality rates and was eliminated through vaccination.

malaria

A parasitic illness transmitted by mosquitoes, largely affecting tropical regions.

Doctors Without Borders

An international NGO providing medical care in crisis-affected areas.

tuberculosis

A bacterial infection affecting the lungs, spread through airborne particles.

cholera

A bacterial disease transmitted through contaminated water, leading to severe dehydration.

Jonas Salk

An American researcher who developed an effective polio vaccine in 1955.

Albert Sabin

Developed an oral polio vaccine, facilitating global vaccination efforts.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

A disease caused by HIV, leading to severe immune system damage.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

The virus that causes AIDS, transmitted through bodily fluids.

Ebola

A severe viral hemorrhagic fever with high mortality, emerging from contact with infected fluids.

heart disease

A range of conditions affecting heart function, common in older populations.

Alzheimer’s disease

A progressive neurological disorder leading to memory decline and cognitive impairment.

Medical Advances

Innovations that enhance diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases.

antiretroviral drugs

Medications used to manage HIV infection and prevent disease progression.

heart transplant

A surgical procedure to replace a failing heart with a donor heart, first done in 1967.

Christiaan Barnard

Surgeon credited with performing the first human heart transplant.

Robert Jarvik

Developer of the first artificial heart used as a temporary solution for heart patients.

artificial heart

A mechanical device designed to replace the biological heart temporarily or permanently