PT 701 Movement Sciences 1: Muscle Library

A comprehensive muscle library flashcard set covering bony attachments, innervation, and actions for movement sciences.

Iliacus

Located in the iliac fossa of the ilium; attaches to the tendon of psoas major and the lesser trochanter of femur; innervated by the $Femoral\ Nerve\ (L2,L3,L4)$; actions include hip flexion, hip external rotation, and anterior pelvic tilt.

Psoas Major

Attaches to $T12-L5\ vertebrae$ and the lesser trochanter of the femur; innervated by the $Ventral\ rami\ of\ lumbar\ nerves\ (L1,L2,L3)$; actions include hip flexion, hip external rotation, and flexion of the lumbar spine and pelvis over the hip joint.

Pectineus

Attaches to the superior ramus of the pubis and the pectineal line of the femur; innervated by the $Femoral\ Nerve\ (L2\&L3)$ (may also receive the obturator nerve); weakly adducts and flexes the thigh.

Sartorius

A pes anserine muscle attaching to the Anterior Superior Iliac Spine (ASIS) and the superior medial surface of the tibia; innervated by the $Femoral\ nerve\ (L2,L3)$; flexes, abducts, and externally rotates the thigh (tailor sitting position).

Gracilis

A pes anserine muscle attaching to the pubis (Body and Inferior Ramus) and the superior medial aspect of the tibia; innervated by the $Obturator\ nerve\ (L2,L3)$; adducts and flexes the thigh.

Adductor Brevis

Attaches to the margin of the obturator foramen and the femur (pectineal line, linea aspera); innervated by the $Obturator\ nerve\ (L2,L3,L4)$; adducts, flexes, and externally rotates the hip.

Adductor Magnus

Attaches to the margin of the obturator foramen and the femur (gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, supracondylar ridge, and adductor tubercle); innervated by the $Obturator\ nerve$ (adductor portion) and $Sciatic\ nerve$ (hamstring portion); mainly adducts the thigh.

Tensor Fascia Lata (TFL)

Attaches to the ASIS and the Iliotibial Band (IT Band); innervated by the $Superior\ Gluteal\ Nerve\ (L4,L5)$; internally rotates and flexes the hip while stabilizing the thigh.

Quadratus Lumborum

Attaches to the iliac crest/iliolumbar ligament and Rib 12/transverse processes $L1-L4$; innervated by the $Subcostal\ Nerve\ (T12)$ and $Anterior\ rami\ L1-L4$; performs ipsilateral trunk lateral flexion and trunk extension.

Gluteus Maximus

Attaches to the external ilium, sacrum, coccyx, and sacrotuberous ligament; innervated by the $Inferior\ Gluteal\ Nerve\ (L5,S1,S2)$; performs hip extension, external rotation, and abduction (only when hip is flexed).

Gluteus Medius

Attaches to the external surface of the ilium and greater trochanter; innervated by the $Superior\ Gluteal\ Nerve\ (L5,S1)$; keeps the pelvis level in standing and performs hip abduction.

Gluteus Minimus

Attaches to the external surface of the ilium and greater trochanter; innervated by the $Superior\ Gluteal\ Nerve\ (L5,S1)$; performs hip abduction and hip internal rotation.

Piriformis

Deep hip rotator attaching from the sacrum to the greater trochanter; innervated by $Ventral\ Rami\ S1,S2$; performs hip external rotation in extension and hip abduction in flexion.

Obturator Internus

Attaches to the obturator foramen and greater trochanter; innervated by the $Nerve\ to\ Obturator\ Internus\ (L5,S1)$; performs hip external rotation in extension and hip abduction in flexion.

Obturator Externus

Attaches to the bony boundary of the obturator foramen and trochanteric fossa; innervated by the $Obturator\ Nerve\ (L3,L4)$; performs hip external rotation and hip abduction.

Quadratus Femoris

Attaches from the ischial tuberosity to the intertrochanteric crest; innervated by the $Nerve\ to\ Quadratus\ Femoris\ (L5\&S1)$; performs hip external rotation.

Rectus Femoris

Part of the quadriceps attaching to the AIIS and tibial tuberosity; innervated by the $Femoral\ Nerve\ (L2,L3,L4)$; performs knee extension and hip flexion.

Semimembranosus

Hamstring muscle attaching from the ischial tuberosity to the medial condyle of the tibia; innervated by the $Tibial\ Branch\ of\ Sciatic\ Nerve\ (L5,S1,S2)$; performs knee flexion, hip extension, and hip internal rotation.

Biceps Femoris Long Head

Attaches from the ischial tuberosity to the fibular head; innervated by the $Tibial\ nerve\ (L5,S1,S2)$; performs knee flexion, hip extension, and hip external rotation.

Biceps Femoris Short Head

Attaches from the lateral mid-femur to the fibular head; innervated by the $Common\ Peroneal\ nerve\ (L5,S1,S2)$; performs knee flexion.

Tibialis Anterior

Attaches to the lateral tibial condyle and medial cuneiform/1st metatarsal; innervated by the $Deep\ Peroneal\ Nerve\ (L4,L5)$; performs ankle dorsiflexion and inversion.

Extensor Hallucis Longus

Attaches to the middle anterior fibula and distal phalanx of the great toe; innervated by the $Deep\ Peroneal\ Nerve\ (L5\&S1)$; performs great toe extension and ankle dorsiflexion.

Peroneus Longus

Attaches to the fibular head and base of 1st metatarsal/medial cuneiform; innervated by the $Superficial\ Peroneal\ nerve\ (L5,S1,S2)$; performs ankle eversion and plantarflexion.

Gastrocnemius

Attaches via the Achilles tendon to the calcaneus; innervated by the $Tibial\ Nerve\ (S1,S2)$; performs ankle plantarflexion and knee flexion.

Soleus

Attaches to superior posterior tibia/fibular head and the calcaneus; innervated by the $Tibial\ Nerve\ (S1,S2)$; performs ankle plantarflexion.

Popliteus

Attaches to the lateral femoral condyle and superior posterior tibia; innervated by the $Tibial\ Nerve\ (L4,L5,S1)$; unlocks the knee by internally rotating the tibia.

Tibialis Posterior

Attaches to the posterior fibula/tibia and navicular tuberosity; innervated by the $Tibial\ Nerve\ (L4,L5)$; performs ankle inversion, plantarflexion, and supports the medial longitudinal arch.

Lumbricals of Foot

Second plantar layer muscles innervated by the $Medial\ Plantar\ Nerve\ (S2,S3)$ (1st lumbrical) and $Lateral\ Plantar\ Nerve\ (S2,S3)$ (2nd-4th); flex proximal phalanges and extend middle/distal phalanges of lateral 4 toes.

Pectoralis Major

Attaches to the clavicle, sternum, and humerus; innervated by the $Medial\ \&\ Lateral\ Pectoral\ Nerves\ (C5-T1)$; flexes, adducts, and internally rotates the glenohumeral joint.

Supraspinatus

Rotator cuff muscle attaching to the supraspinatus fossa and greater tubercle; innervated by the $Suprascapular\ Nerve\ (C5,C6)$; abducts the glenohumeral joint and stabilizes the humerus.

Subscapularis

Rotator cuff muscle attaching to the subscapular fossa and lesser tubercle; innervated by the $Upper\ \&\ Lower\ Subscapular\ nerves\ (C5,C6)$; internally rotates the humerus.

Upper Trapezius

Attaches to the superior nuchal line/occiput and lateral clavicle; innervated by $Cranial\ Nerve\ XI\ (Spinal\ Accessory\ Nerve)$; performs shoulder shrugging and upward scapular rotation.

Latissimus Dorsi

Attaches to thoracic/lumbar vertebrae, iliac crest, and humerus; innervated by the $Thoracodorsal\ Nerve\ (C6,C7,C8)$; adducts, extends, and internally rotates the shoulder.

Serratus Anterior

Attaches to the upper 8 ribs and medial border of the scapula; innervated by the $Long\ Thoracic\ Nerve\ (C5,C6,C7)$; performs scapular protraction and upward rotation.

Triceps Brachii

Attaches to the olecranon process; innervated by the $Radial\ nerve\ (C6-C8)$; extends the elbow and (long head only) extends/adducts the glenohumeral joint.

Flexor Carpi Radialis

Anterior forearm muscle innervated by the $Median\ nerve\ (C6,C7)$; flexes and abducts the wrist.

Flexor Digitorum Profundus

Innervated by the $Anterior\ Interosseous\ Nerve\ of\ Median\ Nerve$ (Digits 2-3) and $Ulnar\ Nerve$ (Digits 4-5); flexes all joints of digits 2-5 and the wrist.

Extensor Digitorum

Innervated by the $Posterior\ Interosseous\ Nerve\ of\ Radial\ Nerve\ (C7,C8)$; extends the joints of digits 2-5 and the wrist.

Adductor Pollicis

Hand muscle innervated by the $Ulnar\ Nerve\ (C8,T1)$; adducts the thumb.

Obliques Capitis Inferior

Suboccipital muscle attaching from $C2$ to $C1$; innervated by the $Suboccipital\ Nerve\ (C1)$; performs ipsilateral rotation.

Sternocleidomastoid

Attaches to the manubrium/clavicle and mastoid process; innervated by the $Spinal\ Accessory\ Nerve\ (CN\ 11)$; performs contralateral cervical rotation and ipsilateral lateral flexion.

Diaphragm

Primary respiratory muscle attaching to the xiphoid process, ribs 7-12, and lumbar vertebrae; innervated by the $Phrenic\ Nerve\ (C3,C4,C5)$; increases thoracic cage volume.

External Oblique

Anterior abdominal muscle innervated by the $Inferior\ 6\ Intercostal\ Nerves$; performs trunk flexion, ipsilateral lateral flexion, and contralateral rotation.

Multifidus

Attaches from the sacrum/ilium/lumbar spine to spinous processes 2-4 segments above; innervated by $Posterior\ rami\ of\ spinal\ nerves$; stabilizes the vertebral column.