STATS 210 TEST 1

μ

mean

η

median

σ

standard deviation

σ²

variance

pi

proportion (of successes)

p

correlation between two variables

discrete quantitative variable

can assume only a countable number of values (students in a class)

continuous quantitative variable

can assume countless values (height, weight, proportions, percentages, rates)

parameter

one of the symbols, describes a whole population

statistic

english letters, a population within a population

confounding bias

a statistical error that occurs when an outside factor influences both the variable being tested and the outcome, making a true relationship look different than it is

treatment variable

an independent variable that a researcher manipulates, assigns, or changes in an experiment to test its causal effect on an outcome