Information Systems exam 2

single theme

store in a spreadsheet

multiple themes

use a database

database

a self describing collection of integrated records

primary keys

columns that identify a unique row in a tablefo

foreign keys

when primary key exists in a anotother table (it’s not unique here)

Relational databases

databases using tables, keys, and foreign keys

metadata

data that describe data

database management system

program that creates, processes, and administers database

structured query language

used by most popular DBMS

international standard

Forms, reports, queries, application programs

four elements of a database application

business process

network of activities that generate value by transforming inputs into outputs

structured process

supports operational and structured managerial decisions and activities

standarized

usually formally defined and documented

dynamic process

support less strategic and less structured managerial decision and activities

usually informal

Workgroup

(doctors office) support one or more processes 10-100 users

problem solutions within group

Enterprise

(hospital) 100-1000 users. problem solutions affect

interenterprise

(healthcare exchange) 1000+ users. problem solutions affect multiples organizations

Process efficiency

measure of the ratio of outputs to inputs

process effectiveness

measure of how well a process achieves organizational strategy

information silo

a condition that exists when data are isolated in separated information systems

data duplications

data inconsistency

inefficiency

business process reengineering

altering and designing business processes to take advantage of new information systems

marketing, customer acquisition, relationship management, loss

four phases of customer life cycle

enterprise resource planning systems

a suite of applications, a database and a set of inherent processes for consolidating business operations into a single consistent computing platform

enterprise application integration

connects system islands

enables communicating and sharing data

system definition phase

phase that defines system goals and scope

form project team

Plan project

Requirements analysis phase

phase that conducts user interviews

evaluate existing systems

determine new forms/reports

Consider security

Create the data model

Component design phase

phase that determines hardware specifications

determine program specifcations

design the database

design procedures

Implementation phase

phase that builds system components 

conduct unit test

integrate components

conduct integrated test

threat

a person or organization that seeks to obtain or alter data or other IS assets illegally

safeguard

any action, device, procedure, or technique that reduces a system’s vulnerability to a threat

human error, computer crime, natural disasters

name 3 types of threats

encryption

transformation of clear text into coded, unintelligible text for secure storage or communication