Psyc 11 1st Test - Review Guide -History of Psychology

Wilhelm Wundt

Father of psychology

Introspection

Describing conscious thoughts in detail

E.B. Titchener

Structuralism

Structuralism

Detailed description of thoughts (atoms of the mind)

Wolfgang Kohler

Gestalt theory

Gestalt theory

Putting info into meaningful whole ideas

William James

1st American psychologist and 1st textbook (functionalism)

Functionalism

How consciousness helps people adapt to environment

Ivan Pavlov

Russian behaviourist and studied dog drool (conditioning)

John B. Watson

Founder of behaviourism and did the study on little Albert

Behaviourism

Studying only observable behaviours

B.F. Skinner

Behaviourist and used rewards and punishments (did a study with pigeon)

Sigmund Freud

Psychoanalysis and unconscious thoughts of childhood

Psychoanalysis

Linked personality to unconscious issues from childhood

Jean Piaget

Cognitive psychologist and worked with children (4 stages)

Kenneth Clark

Education psychologist and did a black doll and white doll experiment (desegregation)

Brown vs. Board of education

Evidence from Clark’s research used in court case

Carl Roger’s

Humanist and free will (reach your potential)

Humanism

Conscious experience and choice

Abraham Maslow

Humanist and hierarchy of needs (married cousin)

G. Stanley Hall

1st American PhD and 1st APA president

Mary Whiton Calkins

1st Women to complete requirements for PhD (didn’t get it)

Margaret Floy Washburn

1st women to receive PhD