Electrolyte imbalance signs and symptoms

Hyperkalemia

Peaked T waves, ventricular dysrhythmias, muscle twitching and paresthesia (early), ascending muscle weakness (late), increased bowel motility

Hypokalemia

Muscle weakness/ cramping, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, irritability, confusion, decreased bowel motility, paresthesia, dysrhythmias, flat/inverted T waves (ECG)

Hyperphosphatemia

Tetany, cramps, paresthesia, dysrhythmias, Trousseau's sign, Chvostek's sign, hyperreflexia, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, soft tissue calcification

Hypophosphatemia

Paresthesia, muscle weakness, bone pain and deformities, chest pain, confusion,seizures,nystagmus

Hypermagnesemia

Hypotension, drowsiness, bradycardia, Bradypnea, coma, cardiac arrest, hyporeflexia, nausea, vomiting, facial flushing

Hypomagnesemia

Paresthesia, dysrhythmias, Trousseau's sign, Chvostek's sign, agitation, confusion, hyperreflexia, hypertension, insomnia,irritability, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, dysphagia

Hyponatremia

Weakness, lethargy, confusion, seizures, headache, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, muscle cramps, twitching, hypotension, tachycardia, weight gain, edema

Hypernatremia

Fever, swollen dry tongue, sticky mucous membranes, hallucinations, lethargy, restlessness, irritability, seizures, tachycardia, hypertension, hyper reflexia, twitching, pulmonary edema

Hypocalcemia

Tetany,cramps,paresthesia, dysrhythmias, Trousseau's sign, Chvostek's sign, seizures,hyperreflexia, impaired clotting time

Hypercalcemia

Muscle weakness, hypercalciuria/kidney stones, dysrhythmias, lethargy,coma,hyporeflexia, pathologic fractures,flank pain, deep bone pain, polyuria,polydipsia,dehydration,hypertension, nausea, vomiting

Hypochloremia

tetany, weakness, muscle cramps

Hyperchloremia

tachypnea, weakness, lethargy, diminished cognitive ability, dysrhythmias