religious studies paper 1

sowa for God as the Father

‘our Father in heaven’

sowa for God as the Son

‘the Word became flesh and made his dwelling among us’

sowa for God as the Holy Spirit

‘the Spirit of God was hovering over the waters’

sowa for importance of trinity to Catholics

‘go and make disciples…baptising them in the name of the Father, and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit’

sowa Nicene creed - trinity

‘we believe in one God…the Father…the Son…the Holy Spirit.’

sowa for understanding God as Trinity (old testament)

‘let us make mankind in our image’

sowa for understanding God as trinity (new testament)

‘when all the people were being baptised…the Holy Spirit descended, and a voice came from heaven.’

sowa for understanding God as trinity (gospels)

‘this is my son, whom I love…the spirit descending like a dove.’

scripture from genesis 1 that supports literalist perspective

‘and God said, ‘Let there be light,’ and there was light’

scripture from genesis 1 that supports liberalist perspective

‘in the beginning God created the heavens and the earth’, seen as symbolic/metaphorical

scripture from genesis 1 that supports catholic perspective

‘God saw all that he had made, and it was very good.’, supports belief that creation is good and purposeful

scripture from genesis 3 that supports catholic perspective

‘You will be like God, knowing good and evil.’, shows human misuse of free ill and the origin of sin

scripture from genesis 3 that supports literalist perspective

‘by the sweat of your brow you will eat your food until you return to the ground’, supports belief in a literal punishment for sin

scripture from genesis 3 that supports liberal perspective

‘then the eyes of both of them were open, and they realised they were naked; seen symbolically as human awareness of moral responsibility

sowa for importance of creation for Catholics

‘in the beginning God created the heavens and the earth’, shows God as the source of all life

sowa for characteristic of rational

‘Let us make mankind in our image’, humans can think and reason like God

sowa for characteristic of free will and conscience

‘you are free to eat from any tree…but you must not eat from the tree.’, shows humans have freedom to choose

sowa for characteristic of relation to God

‘the Lord God walked in the garden in the cool of the day.’, shows closeness and relationship with God

sowa for characteristic of giving and receiving love

‘it is not good for the man to be alone, i will make a helper suitable for him’, humans are made for love and relationship

sowa for characteristic of answerable to God

‘have you eaten from the tree that i commanded you not to eat from’, shows humans are accountable to God

sowa for stewardship (nature of humanity)

‘the Lord God took the man and put him in the Garden of Eden to work it and take care of it’

sowa for dominion (nature of humanity)

‘rule over the fish in the sea and the birds in the sky’, often contrasted with stewardship - Catholics view interprets it as responsible care, not exploitation

sowa for incarnation

‘the Word became flesh and made his dwelling among us.’

sowa for importance of the Virgin Birth

‘she was found to be pregnant through the Holy Spirit’, shows Jesus’ divine origin

sowa for importance of incarnation to Catholics

‘God so loved the world that he gave his one and only Son’, shows God’s love and salvation plan

sowa for last supper

‘this is my body, given for you, do this in remembrance of me’

sowa for garden of gethsemane

‘father, if you are willing, take this cup from me; yet not my will, but yours be done’

sowa for the trial

‘are you the messiah, the son of the blessed one? ‘I am’ said Jesus’, Jesus confirms his identity

sowa for the crucifixion

‘father, forgive them, for they do not know what they are doing’, demonstrates forgiveness and fulfilment of mission

sowa for the resurrection and ascension

‘he is not here; he has risen!’ ‘he was taken up into heaven and sat at the right hand of God.’

sowa for importance of the paschal mystery

‘Christ has died, Christ is risen, Christ will come again’ - Catholic liturgy, shows Jesus’ victory over sin and death

sowa for importance of salvation

‘for it is by grace you have been saved, through faith.’

sowa for original sin

‘by one' man’s disobedience many were made sinners’, refers to Adam and the Fall in Genesis 3

sowa for personal sin

‘all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God’

sowa for importance of grace

‘my grace is sufficient for you, for my power is made perfect in weakness’, God’s help to live a holy life

sowa for Catholic view on Life after Death

‘he will come to judge the living and the dead’, belief in heaven, hell and purgatory

sowa for Evangelical Protestant view on Life After Death

‘whoever believes in shall not perish but have eternal life.’, emphasis on heaven/hell salvation by faith alone

sowa for Liberal Protestant view on Life After Death

‘in my Father’s house are many rooms’, supports a more symbolic or universalist view on heaven

sowa for Literalist view on Life after Death

‘then they will go away to eternal punishment, but the righteous to eternal life.’, heaven and hell as real, physical places

sowa for sacraments

‘the sacraments are instituted by Christ and entrusted to the Church’, Catholics have seven sacraments as means of grace

sowa for baptism

‘go and make disciples of all nations, baptising them..’

sowa for confirmation

‘you will receive power when the Holy Spirit comes on you’

sowa for eucharist

'this is my body…this is my blood.’

sowa for reconcilitation

‘if you forgive anyone’s sins, their sins are forgiven’

sowa for anointing of the sick

‘is anyone among you sick? let them call the elders…and pray over them’

sowa for matrimony

‘what God has joined together, let no one separate’

sowa for holy orders

‘do this in remembrance of me’, linked to priesthood and the Eucharist

sowa for the importance of mass

‘the Eucharist is the source and summit of Christian life’, mass brings Catholics into communion with Jesus sacrifice

sowa supporting Catholic view of the mass

‘unless you eat the flesh of the Son of Man and drink his blood, you will have no life in you’, Catholics believe in the real presence

sowa supporting protestant view of the mass (1)

‘do this in remembrance of me’, evangelicals see it as a memorial, not a literal sacrifice

sowa supporting protestant view of the mass

‘the righteous will live by faith.’, emphasises salvation by faith, not sacraments

sowa for vigil service

‘blessed are those who mourn, for they will be comforted’, comforting the grieving; reflection and hope in eternal life

sowa for funeral litergy

‘I am the resurrection and the life, the one who believes in me will live, even though they die’, celebrates the promise of resurrection

sowa for rite of committal

‘we commit his/her body to the ground…in the sure hope of the resurrection.’, symbolises return to God and eternal life

sowa for the purpose of funeral rite

to commend to the soul to God and support the grieving, ‘eternal rest grant unto them, O lord’ - traditional Catholic prayer

sowa of importance of funeral rite to Catholics

‘he believes in me will live, even though he dies', affirms belief in life after death

sowa for purpose of prayer

‘do not be anxious about anything, but…presents your request to God’, prayers bring pace, trust and connection with God

sowa for importance of prayer

‘pray without ceasing’, essential to a Catholics relationship with God

sowa for worship in the home (private prayer)

‘but when you pray, go into your room, close the doors and pray to your Father’, encourages personal and sincere communication with God

sowa for public prayer

‘for where two or three gather in my name, there am I with them’, supports communal/public worship, especially at Mass'

sowa for popular piety

‘hail mary, full of grace’, shows devotion to Mary, rosary helps meditate on Christ’s life

sowa for the rosary

‘hail mary, full of grace, the Lord is with thee’, meditation on the life of Christ and Mary’s role

sowa for stations of the cross

‘whoever wants to be my disciple must take up their cross and follow me’ reflection of Jesus’ suffering and sacrifice

sowa for eucharistic adoration

‘this is my body given for you’, adoration of the real presence of Jesus in the Eucharist

sowa for pilgrimage

‘blessed are those whose strength is in you, whose hearts are set on pilgrimage’

sowa for importance of pilgrimage for Catholics

‘many people shall come and say: ‘come, let us go up to the mountain of the Lord’, it strengthens faith and brings spiritual renewal

sowa for protestant view on pilgrimage

‘true worshipers will worship the Father in the Spirit and in truth’, some protestants believe faith is inward, not place based

sowa for Catholic view on pilgrimage

‘when they found him in the temple…he said, ‘Didn’t you know I had to be in my Father’s house’, Jesus himself made pilgrimage to Jerusalem - affirming its value

sowa for Literal view on pilgrimage

‘do not make yourselves images of anything in heaven’, some literalists avoid places/shrines they see as idolatry

sowa for jerusalem

‘he is not here; he has risen!’, site of Jesus’s death and resurrection - central to salvation

sowa for rome

‘on this rock I will build my church’, Rome is where Peter, the first pope, led the Church and was martyred

sowa for Lourdes

‘I am the Immaculate Conception’, place of healing and prayer, especially for the sick

sowa for Walshingham

‘the Word became flash and dwelt among us’, Walshingham honours the incarnation through devotion to Mary

sowa for justice (cst)

‘let justice roll on like a river’, justic is key to building a fair society

sowa for peace (cst)

‘blessed are the peacemakers’, promoting peace is central to Catholic action

sowa for reconcilliation

‘be reconciled to God’, Christians are called to forgive and repair relationships

sowa for corporal works of mercy - action for physical needs

‘i was hungry and you gave me something to eat’, helping others is serving Christ directly

sowa for spiritual works of mercy - action for spiritual needs

‘encourage one another and build each other up’, helping others grow in faith is an act of love

sowa for evangelism

‘go and make disciples of all nations’, the great commission: sharing the gospel is a duty

sowa for examples of evangelism in Jesus

‘the spirit of the Lord is on me, because he ahs anointed me to proclaim good news to the poor’, Jesus taught, healed and reached out to all

sowa for individual acts of evangelism locally

‘let your light shine before others, that they may see your good deeds and glorify your Father in heaven’, Catholics should evangelise through words and actions locally

sowa for individual acts of evangelism nationally

‘faith without works is dead’, helping others through faith based actions in schools, charities and communites

sowa for individual acts of evangelism globally

‘go and make disciples of all nations’, supporting charities, missions and international aid

sowa for Catholic Church enacting evangelism locally

‘where two or three gather in my name, there am I with them.’, parishes run Mass, cathesis, food banks and support groups

sowa for Catholic Church enacting evangelism nationally

‘there are different kinds of services, but the same Lord’, bishops’ conferences Catholic schools and national charities like CAFOD

sowa for Catholic Church enacting evangelism globally

‘you will be my witnesses…to the ends of the earth’, the Church sends missionaries and supports global justice and peace

sowa for importance of evangelism

‘how can they believe…unless someone tells them’, spreading the gospel is essential for salvation and growth of faith

sowa for torah (law) (old testament)

‘you shall love the Lord your God with all your heart’, foundational laws and teachings - Genesis to Deuteronomy

sowa for prophet (old testament)

‘what does the Lord require of you? to act justly, love mercy and walk humbly’, warnings, justice and messages from God

sowa for writings (old testament)

‘the Lord is my shepard, I shall not want’, poetry, songs, wisdom - Psalms, proverbs, job etc

sowa for history (old testament)

‘be strong and courageous…for the Lord your God will be with you’, historical stores of Israel - Judges, Kings and Chronicles

sowa for gospels (new testament)

‘these are written that you may believe that Jesus is the Messiah’, life, death and resurrection of Jesus

sowa for acts of the apostles (new testament)

‘you will receive power when the Holy Spirit comes upon you…you will be my witnesses’ early Church and the spread of Christianity

sowa for letters (new testaments)

‘all scripture is God-breathed and is used for teaching’, guidance to early Christians - by Paul and others

sowa for revelation (new testament)

‘he will wipe every tear from their eyes…there will be no more death or mourning’, visions of heaven, end times and hope

sowa for importance of the bible

‘your word is a lamp t my feet and a light to my path’, guidance for life and faith

sowa for literalist view of the bible

‘all scripture is God breathed’ taken as word-for-word truth - no errors

sowa for catholic view of the bible

‘sacred scripture must be read in the light of the same spirit whom it was written’, inspired by God but interpreted with the Church’s guidance

sowa for liberal view of the Bible

‘the letter kills, but the spirit gives life’, focuses on deeper meaning, not literal words

sowa for magisterium

‘he who listens to you listens to me’