Pages 212-216: Minoans and Mycenaeans

Why is geography important is shaping a civilization?

• Resource Availability

• Climate and Weather

• Topography and Terrain

• Natural Hazards

Where is Greece located? (What end on what peninsula?)

southern end of the Balkan Peninsula

What are the major bodies of water surrounding Greece?

Ionian Sea (west), Aegean Sea (east), Mediterranean Sea (south)

What type of communities started to emerge in 4000 BCE?

farming communities

What was the timeframe in which the Minoan civilization lasted?

3500-1100 BC

Where was the Minoan civilization located?

Crete

Which major body of water was located near the Minoan civilization?

southern Aegean Sea

Which palace was the most significant during the time of the Minoans?

Palace of Knossos

Who is the Minoan civilization named after?

King Minos

Who coined the name ‘Minoans‘?

Arthur Evans

What was the Minoan civilization known for?

architecture and art

What was the first civilization in Europe?

Minoan civilization

What did the Minoans have expertise in?

seafaring

What commodities would the Minoans export?

wood, timber, oil, pottery

What led to the collapse of the Minoan civilization?

• volcanic eruptions

• earthquakes

• arrival of the Mycenaeans

Name 2 of the famous wall paintings found in the Palace of Knossos.

Bull Leaping Fresco, Procession Fresco

What did Minoan art feature?

nature-inspired images and mythological creatures

Name 3 agricultural products that the Minoans made.

olive oil, wine, grain

What did Minoans use scripts for?

recording events and keeping inventories

What were two of the scripts that Minoans used?

hieroglyphic script and Linear B script

What places did the Minoans establish trade relations with?

mainland Greece and far-off lands

What was the timeframe in which the Mycenaean civilization lasted?

1750-1050 BC

Which civilization was the last phase of the Bronze Age in Greek History?

Mycenaeans

Where is the term ‘Mycenaean‘ derived from?

Mycenaea

What was the Mycenaean civilization characterized by?

warring states and fortress-like palaces

Where were the Mycenaeans locaed?

mainland Greece

What did the Mycenaeans introduce innovations in?

engineering, architecture, military infrastructure

What tombs were the Mycenaeans known for? What did they contain?

Shaft graves contained gold artifacts and bronze weapons.

Who first studied the Mycenaean ruins and excavated the city of Troy?

Heinrich Schliemann

What structure in the Citadel of Mycenae showcased ancient Greek builder’s skills?

Lion Gate

What were the different social groups in Mycenaean society?

elite, ordinary citizens, slaves