Bio- 2B

Nucleus

Stores DNA and controls cell activities.

Nucleolus

Produces ribosomes.

Ribosomes

Involved in protein synthesis and are not membrane-bound.

Rough ER

Has ribosomes and helps process proteins.

Smooth ER

Does not have ribosomes; makes lipids and detoxifies.

Mitochondria

Produces energy (ATP) and contains its own DNA.

Lysosomes

Digests waste and is only found in animal cells.

Golgi Apparatus

Modifies and packages proteins.

Centrioles

Assists with cell division (mitosis/meiosis) and is only found in animal cells.

Cilia & Flagella

Aid in the movement of the cell or substances around it.

Chloroplasts

Conducts photosynthesis and contains chlorophyll (only in plant cells).

Large Vacuole

Stores water and nutrients, provides support (only in plant cells).

Cytoplasm & Cytosol

Fluid and structures inside the cell, excluding the nucleus.

What are the differences between plant and animal cells?

Plant cells have cell walls, large vacuoles, chloroplasts, and plasmodesmata; animal cells have centrosomes and lysosomes.

What organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?

Ribosomes.

What is the function of the Golgi Apparatus?

Modifies and packages proteins.

What is the role of mitochondria?

Energy production (ATP) and contains its own DNA.

What does the large vacuole do in plant cells?

Stores water and nutrients, provides support.

What is the function of lysosomes?

Digests waste materials.

What organelle is only found in animal cells and helps with cell division?

Centrioles.

What is the difference between Rough ER and Smooth ER?

Rough ER has ribosomes and processes proteins; Smooth ER has no ribosomes and makes lipids.

What is the purpose of chloroplasts?

Conducts photosynthesis.