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As of 2005 approximately how many Horses are in the US?
9.2 Billion
Approximately how many people own horses?
1.96 million
What kind of Industry is the horse industry?
Hybrid with interest and segments in agriculture, sports, recreation, and entertainment.
what is the purpose of the horse industry?
Keeping horses can be broken down into the categories of racing, showing, recreation, and other activities like rodeo, polo, ranch work, police work, and horse breeding.
What percent are riders?
85%
Most horses now are?
Companion Animals
Horse are high or low cost animals?
High
Horses are most important to?
Recreation
What is the most desirable trait for horses?
Coat Color
How is value in a horse determined?
Coat color
How are breeds categorized?
Coat Color
What are the points of a horse?
legs, mane, and tail
What are the three basic coat colors?
Bay, black, and chestnut
What is a black coat color?
Black all over including the points
What is a Chestnut coat color?
red all over including the points
What is a Bay coat color?
reddish brown all over with black points
How are all other coat colors produced?
Modifier Genes
What color does Gene G produce?
Gray
What color does Gene A produce?
Control the distribution of black hair., AE gives you bay color but aa is all black.
What color does Gene E produce?
Controls the extension gene of black hair, pure recessive animals have some shade of red and no balck hair.
What color does Gene W produce?
Makes the horse unable to form any color pigments in its skin and hair. With a Dominant allele(W) will result in an albino animal.
What is WW gene?
A lethal or deadly genotype and the embryo often dies in early pregnancy.
What color does Gene C produce?
Cream which is diluted red color and often called a Palomino horse.
What color does Gene D produce?
Dun which is black strips on the body which is often on the back and shoulder.
What color does Gene RN(Roan) produce?
White hair is mixed with the animal's regular color.
What color does Gene Apl(appaloosa) produce?
works with modifier genes to produce a number of really unique coat patterns including leopard, blanket, and snowflake. Appaloosa is a REGISTERED BRED.
What are the Three General Categories of Horses?
Draft, Light, and Ponies
Ponies are defined as?
Less then or equal to 14.2 hands at the withers
1 hand =
4 inches
14.2 hands= how many inches?
58 inches
Draft horse breeds include?
Shire, Percheron, Belgian, North American Spotted Draft, and Clydesdale.
Light horse breeds include?
Arabian, Morgan, Hanoverian, Mustang, Quarter Horse, Standardbred, and Thoroughbred.
Pony breeds include?
Welsh and Shetland
How are miniature horses defined?
Less then 36 inches at the withers
Walk?
Slow with 4 beats
Trot?
Intermediate with 2 beats and a diagonal
Canter?
Restrained gate with 3 beats and 2 diagonals
Gallop
Fast with 4 beats
Pace
Used in horse racing and is fast with 2 beats with feet that are on the same side hitting the ground at the same time.
how fertile are horses?
Fairly infertile with as few as 50-60% of mares bred foaling the following year.
Reproductive challenges?
Confusing estrous cycle, heat detection is hard, stallions are overbooked, and Lack of Human Experience.
Nutrition challenges?
Poor feeding choices, spending money on needless boxes and tubes of "magic dust", improper feeding of the horse, mono-gastric with a functional cecum, using speed as its major survival mechanism, use of body condition score, overfeeding, intestinal parasites, constant clean, unlimited water with the right temp.
What are some challenges to horse health?
Colic and Laminitis or called founder
What is Colic?
Painful digestive disturbance that may involve one or more regions of the intestinal tract, If not treated immediately can cause death.
What is Laminitis or Founder?
Inflammation or other damage to the sensitive laminae of the Hoof.
Mature weight and height of a pony?
500-900lbs and 11-14.2 hands
Mature weight and height of a light horse?
800-1400lbs and 14.2-16 hands
Mature weight and height of a draft horse?
1700-2200lbs and 15-17 hands
Length of gestation?
336 days
Length of estrous cycle?
18-20 days
Age of weaning?
4-6 months
What is a Foal?
newborn horse
What is a filly?
young female horse
What is a colt?
young male horse
What is a Mare?
mature female horse
What is a Stallion?
mature male horse
What is a gelding?
castrated male horse
