Animal Science: Module 16: Horses

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57 Terms

1

As of 2005 approximately how many Horses are in the US?

9.2 Billion

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2

Approximately how many people own horses?

1.96 million

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3

What kind of Industry is the horse industry?

Hybrid with interest and segments in agriculture, sports, recreation, and entertainment.

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4

what is the purpose of the horse industry?

Keeping horses can be broken down into the categories of racing, showing, recreation, and other activities like rodeo, polo, ranch work, police work, and horse breeding.

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5

What percent are riders?

85%

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6

Most horses now are?

Companion Animals

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7

Horse are high or low cost animals?

High

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8

Horses are most important to?

Recreation

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9

What is the most desirable trait for horses?

Coat Color

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10

How is value in a horse determined?

Coat color

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11

How are breeds categorized?

Coat Color

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12

What are the points of a horse?

legs, mane, and tail

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13

What are the three basic coat colors?

Bay, black, and chestnut

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14

What is a black coat color?

Black all over including the points

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15

What is a Chestnut coat color?

red all over including the points

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16

What is a Bay coat color?

reddish brown all over with black points

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17

How are all other coat colors produced?

Modifier Genes

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18

What color does Gene G produce?

Gray

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19

What color does Gene A produce?

Control the distribution of black hair., AE gives you bay color but aa is all black.

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20

What color does Gene E produce?

Controls the extension gene of black hair, pure recessive animals have some shade of red and no balck hair.

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21

What color does Gene W produce?

Makes the horse unable to form any color pigments in its skin and hair. With a Dominant allele(W) will result in an albino animal.

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22

What is WW gene?

A lethal or deadly genotype and the embryo often dies in early pregnancy.

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23

What color does Gene C produce?

Cream which is diluted red color and often called a Palomino horse.

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24

What color does Gene D produce?

Dun which is black strips on the body which is often on the back and shoulder.

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25

What color does Gene RN(Roan) produce?

White hair is mixed with the animal's regular color.

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26

What color does Gene Apl(appaloosa) produce?

works with modifier genes to produce a number of really unique coat patterns including leopard, blanket, and snowflake. Appaloosa is a REGISTERED BRED.

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27

What are the Three General Categories of Horses?

Draft, Light, and Ponies

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28

Ponies are defined as?

Less then or equal to 14.2 hands at the withers

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29

1 hand =

4 inches

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30

14.2 hands= how many inches?

58 inches

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31

Draft horse breeds include?

Shire, Percheron, Belgian, North American Spotted Draft, and Clydesdale.

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32

Light horse breeds include?

Arabian, Morgan, Hanoverian, Mustang, Quarter Horse, Standardbred, and Thoroughbred.

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33

Pony breeds include?

Welsh and Shetland

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34

How are miniature horses defined?

Less then 36 inches at the withers

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35

Walk?

Slow with 4 beats

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36

Trot?

Intermediate with 2 beats and a diagonal

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37

Canter?

Restrained gate with 3 beats and 2 diagonals

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38

Gallop

Fast with 4 beats

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39

Pace

Used in horse racing and is fast with 2 beats with feet that are on the same side hitting the ground at the same time.

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40

how fertile are horses?

Fairly infertile with as few as 50-60% of mares bred foaling the following year.

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41

Reproductive challenges?

Confusing estrous cycle, heat detection is hard, stallions are overbooked, and Lack of Human Experience.

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42

Nutrition challenges?

Poor feeding choices, spending money on needless boxes and tubes of "magic dust", improper feeding of the horse, mono-gastric with a functional cecum, using speed as its major survival mechanism, use of body condition score, overfeeding, intestinal parasites, constant clean, unlimited water with the right temp.

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43

What are some challenges to horse health?

Colic and Laminitis or called founder

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44

What is Colic?

Painful digestive disturbance that may involve one or more regions of the intestinal tract, If not treated immediately can cause death.

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45

What is Laminitis or Founder?

Inflammation or other damage to the sensitive laminae of the Hoof.

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46

Mature weight and height of a pony?

500-900lbs and 11-14.2 hands

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47

Mature weight and height of a light horse?

800-1400lbs and 14.2-16 hands

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48

Mature weight and height of a draft horse?

1700-2200lbs and 15-17 hands

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49

Length of gestation?

336 days

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50

Length of estrous cycle?

18-20 days

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51

Age of weaning?

4-6 months

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52

What is a Foal?

newborn horse

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53

What is a filly?

young female horse

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54

What is a colt?

young male horse

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55

What is a Mare?

mature female horse

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56

What is a Stallion?

mature male horse

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57

What is a gelding?

castrated male horse

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