Unit 2 Population Vocab AP Human Geography- Mr. Frump
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40 Terms
Agricultural Density
The ratio of the number of farmers to the total amount of land suitable for agriculture
Arithmetic Density
The total number of people divided by the total land area.
Crude Birth Rate (CBR)
The total number of live births in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society.
Crude Death Rate (CDR)
The total number of deaths in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society.
Demography
The scientific study of population.
Doubling time
An increase in this means it's taking longer for a population to grow.
Ecumene
The portion of Earth's surface occupied by permanent human settlement.
Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)
The total number of deaths in a year among infants under 1 year of age for every 1,000 live births in a society
Life Expectancy
The number of years a person can expect to live
Overpopulation
A situation in which the number of people in an area exceeds the capacity of the environment to support life at a decent standard of living
Physiological Density
The number of people per unit area of arable land
Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
The average number of children a woman will have
Natural Increase Rate (NIR)
The percentage growth of a population in a year
Age Distribution
A model used in population geography that describes the ages and number of males and females.
Baby Boom
A sudden increase in the birth rate of a population between 1946 and 1964
Carrying Capacity
Largest number of individuals of a population that a environment can support.
Census
A complete count of a population.
Cohort
A population group unified by a specific common characteristic and subsequently treated as a statistical unit. Ex.) 65-70 years of age
Demographic Equation
NIR = CBR - CDR
Demographic Momentum
The time it takes for a population to begin to drop even after birth rate has been reduced.
Demographic Transition
The process of change in a society's population.
Dependency Ratio
The number of people who can't work under 15 and over 65.
Epidemiological Transition
The process of change in the distinctive causes of death in each stage of the demographic transition.
Epidemiology
The science that deals with the incidence and distribution of human disease or disorders.
Industrial Revolution
Improvements in industrial technology changing the manufacturing process.
J-curve
Curve showing exponential growth of population
Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR)
The annual number of deaths of women from pregnancy-related causes per 100,000 live births.
Medical Revolution
The leap of medical knowledge in stage 2 of the demographic transition.
Mortality
Death rate.
Neo-Malthusians
A group of people who built on Malthusians theory. The new group.
Pandemic
A global outbreak of an infectious disease.
Population Pyramid
A bar graph representing the distribution of population by age and sex.
Pro Natalist Policies
Encouraging Population Growth
Anti Natalist Policies
Discouraging Population Growth
S-Curve
Relates to growth and decline in the natural increase
Sex Ratio
The number of males per 100 females in the population.
Standard of Living
Quality of life based on ownership of necessities and luxuries that make life easier.
Thomas Malthus
Predicted that the population would outpace the food supply.
Underpopulation
A drop or decrease in a regions population. Ex. Japan
Zero Population Growth
When the birth rate equals the death rate