HRE4M RELIGION EXAM REVIEW

 Positionality

Your unique social position shaped by factors like race, class, religion, gender, and culture. Affects how you understand the world and make ethical or moral decisions. Helps recognize bias and diverse perspectives in ethical debates.

Human Dignity

 The idea that every human being has inherent worth. Core of Catholic ethics and human rights laws; supports the protection of all individuals regardless of status.

 Inalienable Rights

 Basic rights that cannot be taken away (e.g., life, freedom, equality). Basis of the Canadian Charter and CST; highlights the need for governments to respect human freedom and justice.

Consequentialism

 Ethical approach judging actions by their outcomes. Forms the foundation of utilitarianism and raises questions about whether good results justify harmful actions.

The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms

 A legal document protecting individual freedoms in Canada (e.g., expression, religion, equality). Guides Canadian law; ensures the government respects human rights.

Deontology

 Ethics focused on rules and duties. Actions are right/wrong regardless of outcome.
Emphasizes moral principles (e.g., honesty) over results; often used in legal and religious reasoning.

 Utilitarianism

Ethics that aim to maximize happiness for the most people.
Used in public policy, health care, and economics; may ignore minority rights.

Virtue Ethics

Focuses on becoming a good person through character traits (virtues).
Key in Catholic ethics and forming moral habits like courage, honesty, compassion

Justice

Fair treatment based on rights and equality.
Major goal in law, politics, and religion; connects to dignity and fairness.

 Equality

Treating everyone with the same value and fairness.
Vital in human rights and Catholic teachings; helps fight discrimination.

Theocracy

Government ruled by religious leaders/laws.
Can influence law, education, and freedom; raises issues on diversity and inclusion.

Authoritarianism

Government with strict control and limited personal freedom.
Often leads to abuse of power and human rights violations.

 Autocracy

One ruler holds total power.
Opposes democratic principles; power is unchecked.

 Constitutional Monarchy

 Monarch acts as head of state within constitutional limits.
Found in Canada; balances tradition and democracy.

Absolute Monarchy

Monarch has complete power over state.
Common in history; limits public participation in law-making.

 Beatitude

Teachings of Jesus on how to live a blessed, virtuous life.
Core of Christian moral character; models humility, mercy, and peace.

Care for Creation

 A CST calling people to protect Earth and nature.
Ties environmental issues to faith; promotes sustainability.

 Ends and Means

"Ends" are goals; "Means" are how you get there.
Raises ethical questions—can bad methods be justified by good outcomes?

 Noble Savage

 The idea that humans are pure and good in nature, but corrupted by society.
Linked to Rousseau's view; used to critique modern civilization.

Social Contract

Agreement where people give up some freedoms for government protection.
Basis for modern democracy; used by Hobbes, Locke, and Rousseau.

State of Nature

 A theoretical condition before laws or government.
Used to explain the need for law, order, and political systems.

Theology

Definition: Study of God, religion, and faith-based truth.
Forms the foundation of Catholic ethics and social teachings.

Philosophy

Study of knowledge, existence, and morality using reason.
Provides tools to question, evaluate, and discuss moral dilemmas.

Hobbes

Believes humans are selfish and violent without laws. Governments must be strict to prevent chaos.

Locke

 Believes people are reasonable and have natural rights (life, liberty, property). Governments must protect these.

Rousseau

Believes people are naturally good but society corrupts them. Supports freedom and equality through social contract.

The Catholic Church’s View on Human Nature

All people are created in the image of God, meaning they have dignity and worth. Human dignity is not earned—it is given and must be respected. The Church promotes moral freedom, compassion, and community responsibility.

Deontology

Right actions follow rules. Example: Never lie, even to protect someone.

Virtue Ethics

Good people do good things. Focus is on developing character traits like honesty, courage, patience.

Biblical Foundations

Based on scripture like the Beatitudes, the Good Samaritan, and the Prophets.

How does Ted Lasso show Catholic Values through his leadership style?

Leaders like Ted Lasso show Catholic values through his leadership style, especially humility, compassion, and respect for others. He forgives those who hurt him, like Nate, showing mercy and kindness. He treats every team member equally, valuing their dignity and supporting their growth. Ted admits when he's wrong and leads by example, showing humility. He builds a strong sense of community, reflecting the Catholic belief in solidarity and care for others. His actions align with teachings like the Beatitudes and Catholic Social Teaching, even if he isn’t religious himself.