Chapter 4: Consciousness

Amphetamines

________: stimulants that are synthesized (made) in laboratories rather than being found in nature.

Benzodiazepines

________: drugs that lower anxiety and reduce stress.

Withdrawal

________: physical symptoms that can include nausea, pain, tremors, crankiness, and high blood pressure, resulting from a lack of an addictive drug in the body system.

Opiates

________: a class of opium- related drugs that suppress the sensation of pain by binding to and stimulating the nervous systems natural receptor sites for endorphins.

Marijuana

________: mild hallucinogen (also known as "pot "or "weed) "derived from the leaves and flowers of a particular type of hemp plant.

hypnotist

The ________ tells the person to focus on what is being said.

MDMA

________ (Ecstasy or X): designer drug that can have both stimulant and hallucinatory effects.

Night Terrors

________: relatively rare disorder in which the person experiences extreme fear and screams or runs around during deep sleep without waking fully.

Dissociation

________: divided state of conscious awareness.

REM

________ behavior disorder (RBD): a rare disorder in which the mechanism that blocks the movement of the voluntary muscles fails, allowing the person to thrash around and even get up and act out nightmares.

PCP

________: synthesized drug now used as an animal tranquilizer that can cause stimulant, depressant, narcotic, or hallucinogenic effects.

Heroin

________: narcotic drug derived from opium that is extremely addictive.

LSD

________: (lysergic acid diethylamide) powerful synthetic hallucinogen.

Nicotine

________: the active drug in tobacco.

Barbiturates

________: depressant drugs that have a sedative effect.

Hallucinogenics

________: drugs including ________ and marijuana that produce hallucinations or increased feelings of relaxation and intoxication.

Caffeine

________: a mild stimulant found in coffee, tea, and several other plant- based substances 4.13 Down in the Valley: Depressants.

Alcohol

________: the chemical resulting from fermentation or distillation of various kinds of vegetable matter.

Insomnia

________: the inability to get to sleep, stay asleep, or get a good quality of sleep.

Microsleeps

________: brief sidesteps into sleep lasting a few seconds.

Cocaine

________: a natural drug derived from the leaves of the coca plant.

Depressants

________: drugs that decrease the functioning of the nervous system.

Stimulants

________: drugs that increase the functioning of the nervous system.

Physical dependence

________: condition occurring when a persons body becomes unable to function normally without a particular drug.

Nightmares

________: bad dreams occurring during REM sleep.

Morphine

________: narcotic drug derived from opium, used to treat severe pain.

Psychological Dependence

________: the feeling that a drug is needed to continue a feeling of emotional or psychological well- being.

Circadian Rhythm

________: a cycle of bodily rhythm that occurs over a 24- hour period 4.4 Why We Sleep.

Eye Movement

Rapid ________ (REM): stage of sleep in which the eyes move rapidly under the eyelids and the person is typically experiencing a dream.

Opium

________: substance derived from the ________ poppy from which all narcotic drugs are derived.

Psychoactive Drugs

________: chemical substances that alter thinking, perception, and memory.

Synthesis Hypothesis

Activation- ________: premise that states that dreams are created by the higher centers of the cortex to explain the activation by the brain stem of cortical cells during REM sleep periods.

Non REM

________ (NREM) Sleep: any of the stages of sleep that do not include REM.

hypnotist

The ________ tells the person to "let go "and accept suggestions easily.

Hallucinogens

________: drugs that cause false sensory messages, altering the perception of reality.