Key Events and Policies in U.S. History

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47 Terms

1
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Stagflation in the 1970s

A combination of inflation and economic stagnation during recession.

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Interstate Highway Act (1956)

It created a nationwide highway system, boosting economy and enabling suburban expansion.

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Sherman Antitrust Act (1890)

To prohibit monopolistic practices and promote competition among businesses.

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Advances in communication after the Civil War

Telegraph, telephone, typewriter, and mail service improved communication and information dissemination.

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Dawes Act (1887)

It aimed to assimilate Native Americans by breaking up reservations into individual land allotments.

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14th Amendment (1868)

It granted birthright citizenship and equal protection under the law.

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King Philip's War (1675)

It was a major conflict between Native Americans and English settlers, leading to significant Native American displacement and decline.

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Open Door Policy (1899)

To keep trade open and accessible to the U.S. in China, ensuring equal trading rights.

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Great Migration

The mass movement of African Americans from the South to northern cities for jobs and to escape poverty.

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Containment during the Cold War

To stop the spread of communism worldwide.

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Reaganomics

Economic policy emphasizing tax cuts, deregulation, and increased military spending to stimulate growth.

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Immigration Act of 1924

It limited immigration from less desirable countries through quotas, reducing overall immigration.

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Vertical integration in industrialization

Controlling all stages of production from raw materials to finished goods.

14
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Korean War (1950-1953)

It was a proxy war between North (communist) and South Korea, involving U.S. and USSR forces.

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GI Bill (1944)

Access to higher education and home loans, promoting suburban growth.

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McCarthyism

A period of intense anti-communist suspicion and accusations in the 1940s-50s.

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Dred Scott vs. Sanford (1857)

It declared that slaves were property and had no right to sue, effectively legalizing slavery nationwide.

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U.S. entry into World War I

The interception of the Zimmerman Telegram and German unrestricted submarine warfare.

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Great Society

Lyndon B. Johnson's set of social reforms including Medicare, Medicaid, and civil rights legislation.

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START I treaty

To reduce the number of nuclear warheads held by the U.S. and Russia.

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Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854)

It repealed the Missouri Compromise and allowed popular sovereignty to decide slavery in Kansas and Nebraska territories.

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Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine

The U.S. could intervene in the Western Hemisphere to protect economic interests and maintain stability.

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Plessy vs. Ferguson (1896)

The doctrine of 'separate but equal' was established.

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'separate but equal' doctrine

The doctrine that upheld racial segregation.

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Civil Rights Acts of 1866 and 1875

1866 granted African Americans the right to own property; 1875 outlawed discrimination in public accommodations.

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Red Scare (1919) and Palmer Raids

They led to the arrest and deportation of suspected Communists and heightened anti-communist suspicion.

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U.S. entry into World War II

After Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor, prompting a declaration of war.

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Battle of Gettysburg (1863)

It was a turning point that made a Confederate victory unlikely and shifted the war's purpose toward ending slavery.

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Civil Rights Act of 1964

To outlaw discrimination based on race, religion, or sex in employment and public accommodations.

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Reconstruction era (1863-1877)

To rebuild the South and secure rights for newly freed African Americans.

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Bessemer Process

It made steel production cheaper and more efficient, fueling industrial growth.

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Federal Reserve Act (1913)

A national banking system to regulate the economy and manage monetary policy.

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16th Amendment (1913)

It authorized the federal government to levy an income tax.

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Levittown

It was a mass-produced, affordable suburban housing development that facilitated postwar suburbanization.

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Voting Rights Act of 1965

It prohibited racial discrimination in voting practices, expanding voting rights.

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Gulf of Tonkin Resolution (1964)

It gave President Johnson authority to escalate U.S. military involvement in Vietnam.

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Impact of 9/11 on U.S. policy

It increased nationalism and led to wars in Afghanistan and Iraq.

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1929 stock market crash

It triggered the Great Depression, causing bank failures, unemployment, and economic downturn.

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Marshall Plan

To provide extensive economic aid to rebuild Western European countries after WWII.

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League of Nations

To prevent future wars through international cooperation and diplomacy.

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New Deal

FDR's program of relief, recovery, and reform to combat the Great Depression, including Social Security and FDIC.

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19th Amendment (1920)

It granted women the right to vote.

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Taylorism

It aimed to improve efficiency and labor productivity through scientific management and simplified tasks.

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Watergate Scandal

It led to President Nixon's resignation due to political espionage and cover-up.

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Spanish-American War (1898)

It marked the U.S. emergence as a colonial power and led to acquiring the Philippines and Hawaii.

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Political machines like Tammany Hall

They provided support and services in exchange for political loyalty and votes.

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Civil Rights Movement (1950s-60s)

Securing legal and social equality for African Americans and ending segregation.