2.1 keywords - Periodic Motion

Centripetal force

Causes an object to maintain circular motion - always acts towards the centre of rotation

Simple harmonic motion

Any oscillating motion whose acceleration is proportional to its displacement and opposing in direction to the displacement

Damped Oscillations

____ of systems that will eventually lose their amplitude and energy due to resistance from friction or air resistance

Light damping

Where the time period of an oscillation is independent of the amplitude and, therefore, each wave cycle takes the same amount of time for oscillations to decrease

Critical damping

When the minimum amount of ____ for the system’s oscillation to stop over the course of one oscillation after being released

Heavy damping

____ that is stronger than critical ___ and causes the system to return to equilibrium in a longer amount of time than with critical ___.

Free oscillation

An ____ of a body or system that moves with its natural frequency and is not acted upon by external influence

Forced oscillation

An ___ of a body or system that is initiated by an external influence

Resonance

The situation when the periodic force driving the forced oscillation is in phase with the frequency of the oscillating system

Resonance for light damping

The resonant frequency (frequency at max amplitude) will be the same as the natural frequency. The max amplitude at resonance will be greater

Resonance for heavier damping

The amplitude at resonance reduces. Frequency at which resonance occurs decreases