Medical Terminology Units 1-3

Exam #1

Dermatology

Integumentary System

Gastroenterology

gastrointestinal system

pulmonology

respiratory system

cardiology

cardiovascular system

Hematology

study of blood

Immunology

study of immune system

orthopedics

skeletal and muscular system

neurology

study of nervous system

urulogy

study of urinary system

male reproductive medicine

male genitourinary system

gynecology

female reproductive system

obstetrics

study of pregnancy and childbirth

endocrinology

study of endocrine system

opthalmology

study of eyes, lacrimal glands, and related structures

otolaryngology

study of ears, nose, sinuses, throat, and larynx

Inspection

visual exam

palpation

using fingers to feel for masses, organs, and detecting tenderness/pain

auscultation

use of stethoscope to listen to body sounds

percussions

tapping over body cavities to listen to sounds produced

Dermatitis

Infection or Inflammation of the skin

Edema

swelling from excessive amounts of fluid that move from the blood into the dermis or subQ (ex. puffy feet)

Hemorrhage

injury to blood vessels and releasing of blood into the skin (bruise)

Lesion

any area of visible damage to the skin or a variation of normal skin (cuts, scrapes)

Cyst

Elevated, skin or red-colored mound that’s semisolid

Fissure

small, cracklike crevice in skin (chapped lips)

macule

flat, pigmented circle (freckles, age spots)

Papule

elevated spot, red or skin colored (ex. acne w/o whitehead)

Putsule

elevated spot, red with white head

Scale

flat, thin, flakey, slightly elevated surface

Vesicle

elevated with pointed, transparent top (ex. herpes, chickenpox, shingles)

Wheal

elevated flat red with pale top

Neoplasm

new growth on the skin

Pruritius

condition of itching

Rash

pink/red skin lesion

Xeroderma

excessively dry skin

albinism

melanocytes don’t produce color

cyanosis

blueish discoloration of the skin

erythema

red discoloration of the skin

Jaundice

yellow discoloration of the skin —> often associated with liver issues

Necrosis

gray/black discoloration of the skin due to dead tissues

Vitiligo

autoimmune diseases in which melanocytes are gradually destroyed

Abrasion

sliding or scraping injury that removes epidermis

Blister

fluid-filled sac with thin, transparent covering of epidermal cells caused by repetitive rubbing

Burns

caused by heat, hot objects, steam, boiling water, electricity, and radiation

Bulla

burn with a blister

Callus

thickened, elevated pad

Cicatrix

scar

Excoriation

superficial, linear scratch of the skin

Keloid

firm, abnormally large scar that grows over an original injury

Laceration

linear, penetrating wound

Decubitus ulcer

epidural and dermal breakdown, associated with constant pressure applied on the skin (ex. bed sore)

Abscess

Puss-filled pocket

Cellulitis

infection and inflammation of connective tissues of the skin

Shingles

infection with the virus herpes, involves vesicles, red discoloration and pain

Verruca

a wart

Tinea

Fungal Infection (ringworm) that is red, itchy, and burning

Pediculosis

Infestation of lice

Scabies

infestation of parasitic mites that tunnel under the skin and produce itch vesicles

Contact Dermatitis

coming in contact with something that you are allergic to

Uticaria

allergic reaction to food, plants, animals, insect bites, or drugs (hives)

Actinic Keratosis

Rough areas due to chronic sun exposure

Hemangioma

mass of superficial, dilated blood vessels present at birth

Lipoma

grounded, growth of adipose tissue

Nevus

birthmark, mole

Papilloma

soft-fleshed growth that protrudes from the skin (skin tags)

Senile Lentigo

light to dark brown flat circles on the skin due to sun exposure or age (age spots or liver spots)

Syndactyly

condition where the skin and tissues between the toes and fingers are connected (webbed fingers/toes)

Basal Cell Carcinoma

begins in the basal epidermis, slow growing cancer that appears as a raised, pearly hump

Malignant Melanoma

begins in the melanocytes; fast growing and spreading cancer

Squamous cell carcinoma

begins in the squamous cell epidermis; slow-growing red bump or ulcer

Psoriasis

Too many abnormal epidermal cells are produced resulting in itchy, silvery scales and plaques

Systemic Lupus Erthematosus

collagen & connective tissue of the skin deteriorates

Anhidrosis

congenital absence of sweat glands

Diaphoresis

Profuse sweating

Piloerection

goosebumps

Alopecia

loss of hair from the scalp

Hirsutism

presence of excessively dark hair on the forearms or upper lip in women

Clubbing and Cyanosis

abnormal downward curvature of the nail with a blue discoloration

Onychomycosis

Fungal infection of the nail

Culture and Sensitivity

growth of bacteria taken from a wound or lesion in a lab then grown in a Petri dish

Allergy Skin Treatment

Intradermal injection of scratch or liquid allergen to form a wheal

Skin Scraping

scraping the skin where there is a lesion/infection/etc. to grow in a dish (ex. used to diagnosis tinea)

Tzanck test

scraping fluid from vesicle to produce a slide of microscopic inspection; used to diagnose herpes virus and shingles

Wood lamp or light

UV light used to highlight areas of abnormal; vitiligo appears bright white and tinea capitis appears green blue

Botox Injections

treatment for deep wrinkles

Collagen Injections

treatment for wrinkles/acne scars

Cryolipolysis

treatment for unwanted fat —> freezes it

Cryosurgery

liquid nitrogen applied to freeze and kill warts

Debridement

necrotic tissue removed

Electrosurgery

treatment for small, malignant lesions

Incision and Drainage

treatment to drain fluid

Skin Examination

inspection of skin during dermatology visit

Skin resurfacing

treatment to improve skin’s appearance —> removal of part of the epidermis (ex. chemical peel)

Skin turgor assessment

assessment of hydration level —> pinching skin and counting until it comes back down

Suturing

treatment to bring edges of skin together (stitches)

Ultherapy

treatment for wrinkles —> using ultrasound to simulate collagen

Anesthetic Drugs

drugs used to numb

Antibiotic drugs

drugs used to treat fungal infections