Making History Study

What is Experimental Archaeology?

Where a scientific method is applied to a historical question relating to an artefact or to answer a question.

What is Experiential Archaeology?

Something you can interact with. Where people are experiencing the process or making of something.

What tool is this and what is it used for?

Compass, for drawing circles

What tool is this and what is it used for?

Saw, cutting wood planks

What tool is this and what is it used for?

Adze, to take thin chips off Timber or Boards

What tool is this and what is it used for?

Line and chalk, mark out the lines you need to cut out

What tool is this and what is it used for?

Piercer (persore), for drilling

What tool is this and what is it used for?

Plane, smooth surfaces, square up the ends of boards and shave edges

What tool is this and what is it used for?

Broad Ax, debarking a log

What tool is this and what is it used for?

Gouge, carve grooves into the wood.

Which kind of chainmail is this?

Butted Maille

Which kind of chainmail is this?

Riveted Maille

What is the Process of making riveted chainmail?

1. Coil a wire into a spiral

2. Cut rings off the spiral

3. Make the metal soft by heating them until they're red hot

4. Flatten the rings with a hammer until overlapping areas are flat

5. Heat the rings to red hot again to make them soft again and let them cool slowly

6. Punch a hole in the overlapping area of the rivet

7. Cut the rivets (cut off tiny pieces of wire)

8. Set the rivets. Set a rivet into the rivet hole. Align it to the centre. Squeeze the rivet with pliers.

Why is the castle built in a quarry?

Because it has all the resources they need for things like colouring, wood etc.

How are stones broken up to be used?

Hammer and wedge. You hit the wedge with the hammer to get a fracture and eventually split.

What is the piff?

High-iron content sandstone

What is the paff?

Reddish Sandstone

What is the poof?

Soft, yellow sandstone

Describe the purpose of making the grain ark.

Split log, cut the planks, smooth sides with axe, they shape it then use pegs to hold it together

What is mortar, how is it made, and what's in it?

Mortar is what is used to stick the stones together to give the castle structure. It is made by mixing limestone heated to 900C and mixing it with water

What does the blacksmith do to fix the tools?

They heat it to soften them (1000C), he sharpens it with a file and hardens it by heating it and quickly quenching it with water

Why is the mortar strong and how long will it take to set completely?

Quarry sands make it stronger: It takes centuries to set

How does a trebuchet work?

Like a catapult. Potential energy is stored

What is a gambeson and how is it made?

A padded defensive jacket made of wool, worn as armour

How does an arrow loop work?

A small window to shoot out the arrows; it would be harder for enemies to shoot back

Describe how a crossbow is made

Made with Yew wood, it would be smooth

How does forge welding work?

Heat up the metal till its white so it would be hot enough to become soft

What did a 13th century soldier eat?

Their war horses, pottage, pork and beans

What is heraldry?

Heraldry is the practice of devising, granting, displaying, describing and recording a coat of arms

How did heraldry come to be?

It came to be because people needed to be easily identifiable on the field/battlefield. It is used to distinguish people of different families and social status.

What is red?

Gules

What is blue?

Azure

What is green?

Vert

What is purple?

Purpure

What is black?

Sable

What is silver?

Argent

What is gold?

Or

What is the name of this fur?

Ermine

What is the name of this fur?

Erminoise

What is the name of this fur?

Contre-ermine (inverted ermine)

What is the name of this fur?

Vair

What is this line of partition called?

Per fess

What is this line of partition called?

Per Bend

What is this line of partition called?

Per chevron

What is this line of partition called?

Per pale

What is this line of partition called?

Per Saltire

What is this line of partition called?

Quarterly

Name this ordinary

Chief

Name this ordinary

Saltire

Name this ordinary

Cross

Name this ordinary

Fess

Name this ordinary

Pale

Name this ordinary

Chevron

Name this ordinary

Bordure

Name this sub-ordinary

Pairle/Pile

What is this lion's pose called?

Rampant

What is this lion's pose called?

Passant

What is this lion's pose called?

Guardant

What is this lion's pose called?

Reguardant

What is in a full achievement of a peer?

Coat of arms, chapeau/helmet, supporters, compartment, crest, mantling, and motto