Infection control and Vaccine schedules

INFECTION CONTROL

standard precautions

• used for all patients

• gloves, goggles, gowns, masks

• used to prevent exposure to (blood, bodily fluids, secretions and excretions)

respiratory hygiene

• cover mouth when coughing

• turn away from others when coughing

• offer surgical masks

airborne precaution

• negative air pressure room

• gown, gloves, glasses, N95 mask

• “MTV is airborne”

droplet precaution

• surgical mask, gown, gloves, goggles

• “MR.PIS” mumps is the first one for the M

contact precautions

• used when disease is spread through direct contact or contaminated surfaces

• “MC” mrsa and c.diff

STAGES OF COMMUNICABLE DISEASES

incubaton:

exposure occurred, symptoms present

prodromal:

symptoms are vague, non-specific

acute illness:

pathogen replicates (more severe and specific symptoms)

decline:

symptoms gradually improve

convalescence:

symptoms resolve, recovery occurs

IMMUNIZATIONS

how many times is a childs vaccine schedule updated

yearly

what are 3 expected reactions to injections

• fever

• Injection site reaction/soreness

• rash/redness

With the MMR vaccine, is a full-body rash within 10-15 days expected?

yes

what are the 3 live viruses?

• MMR

• varicella

• rotavirus

MVR

what patients do we NOT give live vaccines to?

• immunocompromised

• recently acquired passive immunity (through blood transfusion/immunoglobulin)

• severe febrile illness

• allergic reaction

• allergic to vaccine components

which two vaccines are contraindicated in pregnancy:

MMR and varicella

can MMR and varicella be administered at the same time?

yes just different syringes and different injection sites

ATRUAMATIC VACCINE CARE

what are some atraumatic ways for vaccines:

• correct needle and size

• EMLA cream

• vapocoolant spray

• distraction/prize'

• do not rub or apply pressure