physics - universal gravitation

astrophysics; physics

the study of the physical nature of the universe by analyzing data and applying the laws of ___ to planetory motion

sir isaac newton; force

realized that in order for planets to move in circular motion some ___ must be applied; also formulated the universal gravitation

force; center

since planets orbit around the sun, the sun must be the source of the ___ (centripetal motion - force comes from the ___)

law of universal gravitation

states that gravitational force between any two objects is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers; newton formulated this law

orbital radius

distance from the center of two objects

henry cavendish

confirmed the law of universal gravitation

gravitational constant

through cavendish’s experiment, he solved for the _____

force; orbits

the universal gravitational ___ keeps planets in their ___

universal gravitation

the ability to exert gravitational force is a property of all matter

inversely; inverse square; decrease

gravitational force varies ___ with the square of the distance between 2 bodies—the ______ law. therefore, the gravitational force between 2 objects must ___ as the distance between the objects increases

directly; increase

gravitational force varies ___ with the product of the planet’s masses. therefore, the gravitational force between 2 objects must ___ as the product of their masses together

gravity

weight changes with location because it is dependent on ___

w=mg

to find weight on the surface we use the equation…

mass

___ does not change with locations because it does not depend on gravitational force. it is the amount of matter in an object

gravitational force

the area around a mass that acts on other masses, causing them to be attracted to each other. numerically equal to the acceleration due to gravity

exerting

in gravitational field, mass of the object that is ___ the gravitational field being calculated

center

for weight and mass, the mass of the object is at the ___ of orbit