Chemical Reactions and Balancing Practice

Flashcards covering types of chemical reactions, their real-life applications, and the rules and examples of balancing chemical equations.

Chemical reactions are processes where __________ are transformed into new substances with different properties.

reactants

In a __________ reaction, two or more simple substances combine to form a single, more complex product.

Combination (Synthesis)

The general formula for a combination reaction is __________.

$$A+B \rightarrow AB$$

Combination reactions are usually __________, meaning they release energy.

exothermic

The __________ is a real-life application of combination reactions used to form ammonia.

Haber process

A __________ reaction occurs when a single compound breaks down into two or more simpler substances when energy is applied.

Decomposition

The decomposition of __________ involves the use of electricity to break it down into hydrogen and oxygen.

water

Heating calcium carbonate produces calcium oxide and carbon dioxide according to the equation __________.

$$CaCO_3 \rightarrow CaO+CO_2$$

In a __________ reaction, one element replaces another in a compound.

Single-Displacement (Substitution)

The feasibility of a single-displacement reaction is determined by the __________.

reactivity series

A __________ reaction involves two compounds exchanging their ions to form two new compounds.

Double-Displacement (Metathesis or Double-Decomposition)

A reaction between an acid and a base, such as $HCl+NaOH \rightarrow NaCl+H_2O$, is known as a __________ reaction.

neutralization

In redox reactions, __________ occurs when a substance gains oxygen, loses hydrogen, or loses electrons.

oxidation

In redox reactions, __________ occurs when a substance loses oxygen, gains hydrogen, or gains electrons.

reduction

The oxidation of glucose for energy in the human body is called __________.

cellular respiration

Chemical equations must be balanced to satisfy the __________, which states that matter cannot be created or destroyed.

Law of Conservation of Mass

To balance a chemical equation, whole numbers called __________ are placed before compounds or elements.

coefficients

When balancing an equation, you must never change the __________, as this would change the identity of the chemical formula.

subscript

The balanced equation for the combustion of methane is __________.

$$CH_4+2O_2 \rightarrow CO_2+2H_2O$$

The balanced equation for the formation of rust (iron oxidation) is __________.

$$4Fe+3O_2 \rightarrow 2Fe_2O_3$$

As a tip for balancing, you should balance __________ ions as a whole if they appear unchanged on both sides.

polyatomic

According to the general balancing order, you should start with __________ and end with oxygen.

metals