Chapters 8 and 9: Tissue Types Flashcards

Key terms and definitions related to tissue types covered in Chapters 8 and 9.

Endoderm

Germ layer that gives rise to tissue types.

Mesoderm

Germ layer that gives rise to tissue types.

Ectoderm

Germ layer that gives rise to tissue types.

Epithelial Tissue

One of the four main tissue types in the body.

Connective Tissue

One of the four main tissue types in the body.

Muscle Tissue

One of the four main tissue types in the body.

Nervous Tissue

One of the four main tissue types in the body.

Avascular

Lacking a blood supply, relying on diffusion.

Simple Epithelium

Epithelial tissue with a single layer of cells.

Pseudostratified Epithelium

Epithelial tissue that appears layered but isn't.

Stratified Epithelium

Epithelial tissue with multiple layers of cells.

Squamous Epithelial Cells

Flat, scale-like epithelial cells.

Cuboidal Epithelial Cells

Cube-shaped epithelial cells.

Columnar Epithelial Cells

Column-shaped epithelial cells.

Transitional Epithelial Cells

Epithelial cells that can change shape.

Exocrine Glands

Glands that secrete substances into ducts.

Endocrine Glands

Glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream.

Extracellular Matrix

Non-cellular substance in connective tissue made of ground substance and fibers.

Collagen Fibers

Strong fibers in connective tissue.

Elastic Fibers

Stretchy fibers in connective tissue.

Reticular Fibers

Supportive fibers in connective tissue.

Fibrous Connective Tissue

A main type of connective tissue.

Cartilage

A main type of connective tissue.

Bone

A main type of connective tissue.

Blood

A main type of connective tissue.

Areolar Tissue

Fibrous tissue for packing, elasticity, and support.

Adipose Tissue

Tissue that stores fat, insulates, supports, and protects.

Dense Regular Tissue

Connective tissue that resists pulling in one direction (e.g., tendons).

Dense Irregular Tissue

Connective tissue that resists pulling in many directions (e.g., joint capsules).

Synovial Membrane

Connective tissue that lines joints and secretes fluid.

Hyaline Cartilage

A type of cartilage that is the weakest.

Fibrocartilage

A type of cartilage that is the strongest.

Elastic Cartilage

A type of cartilage that is flexible.

Osteocytes

Mature bone cells.

Osteoblasts

Bone cells that build bone.

Osteoclasts

Bone cells that break down bone.

Erythrocytes

Red blood cells that carry oxygen.

Leukocytes

White blood cells for immune defense.

Thrombocytes

Platelets for blood clotting.

Skeletal Muscle

Voluntary, striated muscle tissue.

Smooth Muscle

Involuntary, non-striated muscle tissue.

Cardiac Muscle

Involuntary, striated muscle tissue.

Neuron

A nerve cell.

Soma

The cell body of a neuron.

Dendrite

Part of a neuron that receives signals.

Axon

Part of a neuron that sends signals.

Neuroglia

Supporting cells in nervous tissue.