Cell Cycle CHECKPOINTS ✔
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what are the checkpoints in the cell cycle?
* G1 checkpoint. at G1/S transition
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* G2 checkpoint, at G2/M transition
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* Spindle checkpoint, at metaphase to anaphase transition.
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* G2 checkpoint, at G2/M transition
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* Spindle checkpoint, at metaphase to anaphase transition.
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G1 CHECKPOINT CHECKS FOR:
%%**Are we ready to divide?**%%
* **Size.**
Is the cell large enough to divide?
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* **Nutrients.**
Does the cell have enough energy/nutrients to divide?
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* **Molecular signals/Growth factors**
Is the cell receiving positive cues (such as growth factors) from neighbours?
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* **DNA Damage**
Is any of the DNA damaged?
* **Size.**
Is the cell large enough to divide?
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* **Nutrients.**
Does the cell have enough energy/nutrients to divide?
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* **Molecular signals/Growth factors**
Is the cell receiving positive cues (such as growth factors) from neighbours?
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* **DNA Damage**
Is any of the DNA damaged?
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G2 CHECKPOINT CHECKS FOR:
%%**How’s our DNA?**%%
* **DNA integrity.**
Is any of the DNA damaged?
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* **DNA replication**
Was the DNA completely copied during S phase?
* **DNA integrity.**
Is any of the DNA damaged?
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* **DNA replication**
Was the DNA completely copied during S phase?
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M CHECKPOINT CHECKS FOR:
* **Spindle attachment:**
Did all our chromosomes align in the centre, ready to be pulled apart?
Did all our chromosomes align in the centre, ready to be pulled apart?