med term chapters 1-6

study for test on monday

Prefix

added to the beginning of a word

word root

the core meaning of the term

Combining Form Vowels

word root + combining vowel (o)

Suffix

always added to the end of a word

Acute

Sudden onset; short-term

chronic

long lasting or recurring

A-

absence

incision

surgical cut

brady-

slow

tachy-

fast

-itis

inflammation

-ectomy

surgical removal

-otomy

surgical incision

Malignant

Severe; harmful or potentially life-threatening

Excision

Cutting out

• Direct contact

• kissing/skin-to-skin contact - direct contact

• Droplet

• cough/sneeze - direct contact

• Blood/body fluid exposure

needlestick - direct contact

• Airborne 

• suspended particles -indirect contact

indirect contact

• contaminated objects

• Food-borne

• contaminated food -indirect contact

• Vector borne

• mosquito/tick -indirect contact

anterior/ventral

front

posterior/dorsal

back

• 
  

• Makes red and white blood cells, hemoglobin, and thrombocytes

red bone marrow

• 
  

• Hematopoietic

pertaining to the formation of blood

fat storage

yellow bone marrow

• ½ of red marrow becomes this after adolescence

yellow bone marrow

myel/o

bone marrow (or spinal cord)

where bones articulate

articular cartilage

shock absorber and elastic

connective tissue

chondr/o

cartilage

athr/o

joint

no movement in these kinds of joints

fibrous

slight movement in these kids of joints

cartilaginous

lots of movement in these kids of joints

synovial

how many bones does an adult skeleton have

206

• Axial skeleton

towards the midline

• Appendicular skeleton

• limbs & girdles

skull, vertebral, column, ribcage, ossicles, hyoid

axial skeleton

• Upper extremities

  • Shoulder girdle, Arms,Wrists, Hands

• Lower extremities

  • Pelvic girdle, Legs, Ankles, Feet

Appendicular skeleton

crani/o and cephal/o

skull

cost/o

ribs

stern/o

sternum

spondyl/o and vertebr/o

spine

Ankyl

 stiff/bent

Capsul/o

capsule

arthr/o

joint

burs/o

bursa

hem

blood

poly

many

my

muscle

synov

synovium

-osis

abnormal condition/disease

-sclerosis

abnormal hardening

-malacia

abnormal softening

-algia

pain

valgus

bent

popliteal

behind the knee

lumb/o

low back

kyph/o

hump

lord/o

bent backward

scoli/o

curved, crooked

-ago

diseased condition

-listhesis

slipping

bifida

split

peri-

around, surrounding

necr/o

death

-oma

tumor/mass

meta/metastasis

spread beyond original sight

originates in bone

primary bone cancer

• cancer spread to bone from another primary

bone metastasis

• malignancy of plasma cells in bone

• Multiple myeloma

• benign bone/cartilage tumor

• Osteochondroma

intra-

within

• muscul/o, my/o, myos/o

muscle

fasci/o

• fascia

• ten/o, tend/o, tendin/o

• tendon

• kinesi/o

• movement

• -kinesia

• movement

• ton/o

• tone, stretching, tension

• -trophy

• development/growth

• -plegia

• paralysis

• -paresis

• weakness/slight paralysis

• decreases angle of a joint

• flexion

• increases the angle of a joint

• extension

• extension beyond normal limit

• hyperextension

•  movement away from midline

• abduction

•  movement toward from midline

• adduction

• moving a body part upward

• elevation

• moving a body part downward

• depression

-desis

surgical suturing

vascul/o

blood vessel

-ar

---

pertaining to

---

transports oxygen, nutrients, waste products, amd carbon dioxide

blood

apex

lower tip of the heart

pericardium

• double-walled sac enclosing the heart

peri-

surrounding or around

cardi/o

heart

• Parietal pericardium

• outer, protective layer