history

Supreme Court's Role

Major obstacle for Roosevelt due to its power to stop New Deal laws.

Composition of the Supreme Court during Roosevelt's Era

Composed of nine judges, primarily selected by Republicans, generally opposing Roosevelt's political views.

Judicial Review Process

Had to wait for appeals against agency actions or laws to conduct judicial reviews.

Sick Chicken Case (Schechter Poultry Corp.)

Involved an NRA code violation by the Schechter brothers; ruled favorably for them, claiming federal overreach.

AAA Challenge (1936)

A cotton processor contested the AAA tax; court ruled agriculture should be supervised by state, not federal agencies.

Court-Packing Plan

Roosevelt's proposal to appoint supportive judges by replacing any judge over the age of 71.

Republican Opposition to Roosevelt

Rooted in his Democratic affiliation, expanded federal power, and excessive federal spending.

Alfred Landon’s Campaign Promises

Promised to return power to states, aid farmers, and end New Deal regulations.

Resurgence of Republican Strength (1938)

Republican Party gained more congressional seats and formed alliances with disillusioned Southern Democrats.

Final Legislation of the New Deal

The Fair Labor Standards Act was the last significant New Deal legislation passed.

Business Opposition to the New Deal

Initially benefited, but later opposed due to regulations and increased government spending.

Minimum Wage and Working Hours

Business discontent stemmed from regulations like minimum wage mandates and working hour restrictions.

NIRA and Wagner Act

Legislation that supported unions and empowered them against business management.