IS211 Requirements, Personas, and Scenarios

Vocabulary flashcards focusing on user requirements, nonfunctional quality attributes, empathy maps, personas, scenarios, and use cases.

What occurs during the 'define' phase?

This phase comes after the empathy stage, where the information gathered from research is synthesized to uncover insights. It involves creating personas and scenarios that present a clear point of view regarding the target users.

What is smart planning?

Smart planning is an approach to urban planning that utilizes data concerning towns, buildings, roads, energy, and waste. This information is leveraged to create a three-dimensional computer model to perform environmental simulations, such as analyzing wind flow and shadow effects.

What are functional requirements in software development?

Functional requirements detail specific functionalities that a software system must exhibit, such as actions like adding items to a shopping cart or selecting payment preferences during a transaction.

What defines nonfunctional requirements?

Nonfunctional requirements describe the quality attributes or system qualities that a software product must possess. These include maintainability, performance, usability, scalability, and security, rather than specific actions.

What are quality attributes?

Quality attributes, also known as nonfunctional requirements, refer to essential capabilities of a system such as usability, performance, security, and scalability.

What do data requirements encompass?

Data requirements involve the analysis of data flow mapping and database architecture necessary to support the features of a system and facilitate artificial intelligence capabilities.

What are personas in design?

Personas are fictional profiles that encapsulate common behavioral patterns, characteristics, objectives, and pain points of a target user group, developed through extensive research.

What are provisional personas?

Provisional personas are initial user profiles created based on assumptions and preliminary hypotheses when comprehensive empirical data from user research is not yet available.

What is a primary persona?

The primary persona is the most crucial fictional character representing the main user group towards which a product is targeted.

What are secondary personas?

Secondary personas are additional user identities created to demonstrate how a particular issue can be resolved across various interacting roles, such as a seller in an e-commerce setting.

What is an empathy map?

An empathy map is a collaborative visualization tool segmented into four quadrants—(says, thinks, does, feels)—that facilitates understanding the end user and promotes a shared comprehension within a team.

What does the says quadrant in an empathy map represent?

The says quadrant captures the user’s verbatim statements and direct comments as expressed during interviews or interactions.

What information does the thinks quadrant of an empathy map convey?

The thinks quadrant focuses on illustrating the internal thoughts the user has while they engage in a task or pursue a goal.

What does the does quadrant illustrate?

The does quadrant describes the specific physical actions and behaviors that the user undertakes to accomplish their stated goal.

What insights can be found in the feels quadrant of an empathy map?

The feels quadrant examines the emotional responses, frustrations, and excitement a user experiences during a process, providing deeper insight into their feelings.

What is a scenario in user experience design?

A scenario is an informal narrative that illustrates how a persona's challenges and goals are addressed within a specific context, omitting detailed user interface elements.

What is a use case?

A use case is a formally structured document that delineates the interactions between the user and the system, specifying concrete user interface interactions.

What characterizes an easy scenario?

An easy scenario represents the 'happy path' where all interactions and events unfold as intended and without interruptions or errors.

What is a hard scenario?

A hard scenario includes validation of edge cases, exceptions, and unexpected challenges that may arise, such as unanticipated delays or users who cannot be reached.