11.3Reactions of the Halide Ions

Flashcards covering key concepts related to the reactions of halide ions, including their properties, reactions with silver nitrate, and behavior with concentrated sulfuric acid.

What are halide ions?

Halide ions are negatively charged ions formed from halogen elements such as fluoride, chloride, bromide, and iodide.

How do halide ions act as reducing agents?

Halide ions donate electrons to another atom, getting oxidized in the process.

What trend is observed in the reducing power of halide ions down the group?

The reducing power of halide ions increases going down the group.

What causes the increasing reducing power of halide ions down the group?

It is caused by the increasing ionic radii, resulting in outer electrons being held less tightly to the nucleus.

What is the general equation for the reaction of halide ions with silver nitrate?

AgNO3(aq) + X(aq) → AgX(s) + NO3−(aq), where X is the halide ion.

What colored precipitate is formed when chloride ions are present?

A white precipitate of AgCl is formed.

What colored precipitate indicates the presence of bromide ions?

A cream precipitate of AgBr is formed.

What colored precipitate forms when iodide ions are present?

A yellow precipitate of AgI is formed.

What does the addition of dilute ammonia solution do to the precipitates?

The precipitate of AgCl dissolves, but AgBr does not dissolve until concentrated ammonia is added.

What is produced when sodium chloride reacts with concentrated sulfuric acid?

It produces hydrogen chloride gas, which appears as white fumes.

What are the observation results when sodium bromide reacts with concentrated sulfuric acid?

It produces HBr gas and reddish-brown bromine gas as a result of oxidation.

What is the outcome of the reaction between sodium iodide and concentrated sulfuric acid?

It produces hydrogen iodide gas, which can oxidize to form iodine and sulfur compounds.