Lab Exam 1

Simple Squamous Epithelium (Kidney)

Simple Squamous Epithelium (Venule)

Simple Squamous Epithelium Function

Exchange of elements; allows for transfer of gases, fluids, molecules.

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium (Kidney)

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium Function

Secretion + Absorption

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium (Kidney)

Basement Membrane

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium (Thyroid Gland)

Simple Columnar Epithelium (Small Intestine, Duodenum)

Simple Columnar Epithelium Function

Secretion + Absorption. Often have cilia or microvilli.

Simple Columnar Epithelium (Small Intestine)

Goblet Cell

Goblet Cell Function

Secretes mucus to lubricate and protect epithelial surfaces.

Simple Columnar Epithelium (Small Intestine)

Simple Columnar Epithelium Function

Secretion + Absorption. Often have cilia or microvilli.

Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium (Trachea)

Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium Function

Protection + Secretion + Absorption. Usually has lots of cilia.

Nonkeratinized Stratified Squamous Epithelium (Vagina)

Nonkeratinized Stratified Squamous Epithelium Function

Provides layers and layers of protection.

Keratinized Stratified Squamous Epithelium (Thick Skin)

Keratinized Stratified Squamous Epithelium Function

Waterproofing. Multiple layers of protection.

Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium (Sweat Gland in Dermis)

Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium Function

Some Secretion + Absorption

Transitional Epithelium (Urinary Bladder)

Transitional Epithelium Function

Allows for expansion and contraction. Lines urinary tract and allows bladder to expand / shrink.

Areolar (Loose) Connective Tissue (Mesentery)

Collagen Fibers

Elastic Fibers

Fibroblast Nucleus

Areolar (Loose) Connective Tissue Function

Support + Protection

Dense Regular Connective Tissue (Tendon)

Dense Regular Connective Tissue Function

Strength

Dense Irregular Connective Tissue (Thick Skin)

Dense Irregular Connective Tissue Function

Strength

Collagen Fibers

Collagen Fibers

Elastic Connective Tissue (Aorta)

Elastic Connective Tissue Function

Allows for stretch + recoil

Elastic Connective Tissue (Aorta)

Reticular Connective Tissue (Lymph Node)

Reticular Connective Tissue Function

Forms internal structure of many organs.

Lymphoid Follicle

Lymphocytes

Reticular Fibers

Adipose Tissue

Adipocytes (Fat cells)

Adipose Tissue Function

Insulation, Protection, Energy Storage

Hyaline Cartilage (Trachea)

Hyaline Cartilage Function

Support + Protection

Perichondrium

Chondrocytes in Lacunae

Matrix

Elastic Cartilage (Epiglottis)

Elastic Cartilage Function

Maintains shape + flexible support.

Chondrocytes in Lacunae

Fibrocartilage (Pubic Symphysis)

Fibrocartilage Function

Support + Protection

Fibrocartilage (Intervertebral Disc)

Chondrocytes in Lacunae

Compact Bone

Osteon

Structural unit of compact bone.

Osteon

Central Canal

Channel that runs through the center of each Osteon. Contains blood vessels, nerves, lymphatic vessels.

Central Canal

Lamella

Ring-shaped layers of bone surrounding each Osteon. Provides structural strength and rigidity.

Lamella

Lacunae

Contains Osteocytes

Lacunae (in Compact Bone and Spongy Bone)

Osteocytes Function

Mature bone cells that maintain bone tissue.

Bone Function

Support, protection, leverage for movement, stores calcium.

Spongy Bone

Osteoblasts

Osteoblasts

• Immature

• Builds new bone matrix

• Highly active (secretes osteoid)

• Not connected via canaliculi

Trabeculae

Trabeculae

• Structural elements of spongy bone

• Composed of a network of thin plates

• Provide strength and support

Endosteum

Endosteum

Thin membrane lining inner surface of bones. Contains osteoblasts and osteoclasts.

Osteocytes in Lacunae

Osteoctye

• Mature

• Maintains existing bone matrix

• Less active (monitoring)

• Connected to neighbors via canaliculi

Blood Smear

Blood Functions

Transport nutrients, gases, wastes, immune cells.

Neutrophil

Platelets

Basophil (Type of White Blood Cell)

Cranial

Towards the head end of the body

Caudal

Towards the tail end (lower part) of the body

Superior

Towards the head, or the upper part of a structure; above

Inferior

Away from the head, toward the lower part of a structure; below

Superficial

Towards or at the body surface

Deep

Away from the body surface; more internal

Medial

Toward the midline of the body; closer to the center.

Lateral

Away form the midline of the body; towards the sides of the body

Anterior

Towards the front of the body

Posterior

Towards the back of the body

Dorsal

Towards the back (spine) of the body. Corresponds to posterior in humans

Ventral

Towards the belly (front) of the body. Corresponds to anterior in humans

Prone

Lying face down (front of body facing down)

Supine

Lying face up (front of body facing up)

Coronal (Frontal) Section

A vertical plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior sections

Saggital Section

A vertical plane that divides the body into right and left parts.