Lymphoma and Multiple Myeloma

This set of flashcards covers essential vocabulary and concepts related to lymphomas and multiple myeloma, focusing on definitions and key characteristics.

Lymphadenopathy

Condition of enlarged lymph nodes, which should normally be soft and pink and relatively small.

Hodgkin's Disease

A type of lymphoma characterized by the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells and more often localized to a single axial group of nodes.

Reed-Sternberg Cell

Large cells with large pale nuclei containing large purple nucleoli, indicative of Hodgkin's disease.

Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma

A cancerous condition associated with a diffuse pattern of cellular spread, commonly affecting multiple peripheral nodes.

B Cell

A type of white blood cell predominantly involved in 70% of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma cases.

Immunotherapy

A treatment method for lymphoma that involves stimulating the immune system to fight cancer.

CAR-T Therapy

A type of immunotherapy where T cells are modified to better attack cancer cells.

Multiple Myeloma

A plasma cell cancer originating in the bone marrow, characterized by destructive bone lesions and high levels of non-functional immunoglobulins.

Bence-Jones Protein

Free immunoglobulin light chains in plasma that are toxic to renal tubular cells.

Hyperviscosity Syndrome

A condition associated with increased levels of immunoglobulins in the blood, leading to decreased immunity.

Punched Out Lesions

Rounded lesions in the skull characteristic of multiple myeloma, visible on x-ray as lucent areas.

Bone Marrow Transplantation

A treatment for multiple myeloma that follows intensive chemotherapy to restore healthy bone marrow.