The Rise and Influence of the Ottoman Empire and European Exploration

These flashcards cover key concepts related to the rise of the Ottoman Empire, its impact on European trade, and the subsequent exploration that followed.

Ottoman Empire

A historical empire that rose to prominence by controlling trade networks connecting Europe, Asia, and Africa, characterized by a different philosophy towards trade compared to the Mongols.

Mongols

A nomadic group known for establishing tax-free customs zones that encouraged free trade across their territories.

Vasco da Gama

Portuguese explorer who was the first to sail directly from Europe to India by way of the Cape of Good Hope, significantly impacting global trade.

Columbian Exchange

The widespread transfer of plants, animals, culture, human populations, technology, and ideas between the Americas and the Old World following Columbus's voyages.

Joint Stock Companies

Businesses formed by groups of investors who share the profits and losses of a venture, which were significant during the age of exploration.

Magnetic Compass

A navigational instrument that shows the direction of magnetic north, crucial for European maritime exploration.

Caravelle

A type of small, highly maneuverable sailing ship developed in the 15th century by the Portuguese, used during the Age of Exploration.

Atlantic System

The trade network that developed in the 16th century involving Europe, Africa, and the Americas, associated with the transatlantic slave trade.

Marginalism

An economic theory that focuses on the additional benefits of an action, distinct from traditional capitalism.

Portugal's Exploration

An early phase of European exploration led by Prince Henry that focused on coastal navigation, the establishment of trade posts, and the eventual route to India.