Physical activity and sendentarisnm

What is REE?

-Resting energy expenditure measures calories burned while at rest in normal, relaxed condition
-Normal REE=1MET=1 kcal/kg/hour
-aka BMR(basal metabolic rate) or RMR

What does MET stand for

Metabolic Equivalent of Task, the amount of energy you spend while sitting quietly at rest

How to measure physical activity?

estimate energy expended >REE

Mechanical force is exerted through which to factors?

-contact/adhesion and reaction

-gravity

What is Hooke’s Law of Elasticity?

The force needed stretch or compress a spring is proportional to the distance it moves from its normal position

What is mechanical work?

-amount of energy transferred through objects when a force moves an object over a distance(J)
-distance is required,,o

What is metabolic work?

total energy your body expends to perform cellular and physical tasks(kcal)

What energetic cost does metabolic work include?

external mechanical work, internal mechanical work, isometric muscle activation, metabolism, dissipation

What are the units of measure used for metabolic work?

kcal, L O2, MET-hr, ml O2/kg, V̇O2

what are LO2 MET-hr and mi O2/kg, V̇O2

LO2-energy used by aerobic respiration using one liter of oxygen
MET-hr- 1 hr exertion at a rate of 1 MET
ml O2/ kg= energy liberated by respiration of 1 ml O2/kg

What is metabolic efficiency?

-How much food energy is used in PA that results in mechanical work
-metabolic efficiency= metabolic work/metabolic work
-typically around 10-30 %

What is mechanical power?

Rate of mechanical work
-units= 1W=1J/s

What is metabolic power?

Rate of metabolic work
-units: kcal/hr, MET, VO2 (1ml/1kg/min)=0.29MET

What is volume of PA and intensity of PA

The volume of PA is the total amount or "dose" of activity accumulated over a period, usually measured in time or MET. The intensity of PA is rate of energy expenditure, or how hard your body is working during the activity

How is the volume of PA typically expressed as, and what is it focused on?

mechanical or metabolic work done, focus on quantity of movement

What energy in food do we use to create the bonds that our cells can use

We use chemical energy in food molecules to create phosphorus bonds so our cells can use it

What are the two means of phosphate bond energy storage?

ATP and Cr-P(needing ATP immediately, burst)

What are the two means of making ATP using food energy?

anaerobic glycolysis and aerobic(oxidative) respiration

four types of fuel molecules, and which one generates ATP by anaerobic glycolysis

Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Alcohol. Carbohydrates

What is absolute intensity and relative intensity?

absolute intensity: absolute amount of work used; doesn’t vary with the person
relative intensity: fitness capacity for an individual, varies with individual

aerobic system

Huge fuel tank, slow delivery, leaving no mass

lactic anaerobic system

moderate fuel tank, quick delivery, leaving big mass (lactate accumulate)

alactic anaerobic system

tiny fuel tank, lightning-quick delivery, leave no mass

What is lactate threshold and when is the stage?

-Lactate builds up faster than your body can clear it
-at zone 2, 3

What is MLSS and when is the stage?

-highest work intensity you can maintain without lactate levels continuously increasing
-at zone 3,4